Shloka 3

Bhārata-varṣa-varṇana

Description of Bhārata: Mountains, Rivers, and Janapadas

Devanagari script

संजय उवाच चत्वारि भारते वर्षे युगानि भरतर्षभ । कृतं त्रेता द्वापरं च तिष्यं च कुरुवर्धन

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | catvāri bhārate varṣe yugāni bharatarṣabha | kṛtaṃ tretā dvāparaṃ ca tiṣyaṃ ca kuruvardhana ||

Translation

Dijo Sañjaya: «Oh toro entre los Bhāratas, oh acrecentador de la estirpe Kuru, en Bhārata-varṣa hay cuatro yugas: el Kṛta (Satya), el Tretā, el Dvāpara y el Tiṣya (Kali).»

Word by Word

• संजयः: Sanjaya
• संजयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: संजय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• चत्वारि: four
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• भारते: in Bharata (India)
• भारते: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• वर्षे: in the land/region
• वर्षे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• युगानि: ages (yugas)
• युगानि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युग
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• भरतर्षभ: O bull among the Bharatas (best of Bharatas)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरतर्षभ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• कृतम्: Krita (Satya) yuga
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृत
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• त्रेता: Treta (yuga)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रेता
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• द्वापरम्: Dvapara (yuga)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वापर
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• तिष्यम्: Tishya (Kali) yuga
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिष्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• कुरुवर्धन: O increaser of the Kurus
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरुवर्धन
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Bhārata-varṣa
• Bharatas
• Kuru lineage
• Kṛta-yuga (Satya-yuga)
• Tretā-yuga
• Dvāpara-yuga
• Tiṣya-yuga (Kali-yuga)