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Shloka 1

अलर्कोपाख्यानम् — Indriya-Nigraha and Yogic Victory

Mahābhārata 14.30

ऑपन--माजल बछ। ्-््:डिअ त्रिशोडध्याय: अलर्कके ध्यानयोगका उदाहरण देकर पितामहोंका परशुरामजीको समझाना और परशुरामजीका तपस्याके द्वारा सिद्धि प्राप्त करना पितर ऊचु. अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्‌ । श्रुत्वा च तत्‌ तथा कार्य भवता द्विजसत्तम

pitarūcuḥ | atrāpy udāharantīmam itihāsaṃ purātanam | śrutvā ca tat tathā kāryaṃ bhavatā dvijasattama ||

Los Pitṛs dijeron: «También en este asunto se cita un antiguo ejemplo de la historia. Tras escucharlo, oh el mejor de los nacidos dos veces, debes obrar de ese mismo modo».

पितरःthe Pitṛs (ancestors)
पितरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ऊचुःsaid
ऊचुः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural
अत्रhere, in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
उदाहरन्तिthey cite, they relate (as an example)
उदाहरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-हृ
FormPresent, Third, Plural
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इतिहासम्story, ancient account
इतिहासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइतिहास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुरातनम्ancient, old
पुरातनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरातन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्that (thing), it
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
कार्यःto be done; proper (to do)
कार्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकार्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवताby you (honorific)
भवता:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
द्विजसत्तमO best of the twice-born (Brahmin)
द्विजसत्तम:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

समुद्र उवाच

P
Pitṛs (ancestral fathers)
D
dvijasattama (addressed brāhmaṇa)

Educational Q&A

Ethical instruction should be grounded in authoritative precedent: one should listen to an ancient exemplum (itihāsa) and then align one’s conduct with the dharmic model it presents.

The Pitṛs begin a didactic move: they announce that they will cite an old story relevant to the issue at hand and urge the addressed brāhmaṇa to hear it and act in accordance with its lesson.