Shloka 10

Devanagari script

विद्यावृद्धान्‌ सदैव त्वमुपासीथा युधिष्ठिर । शृणुयास्ते च यद्‌ ब्रूयु: कुर्याश्रैवाविचारयन्‌

Transliteration

vidyāvṛddhān sadaiva tvam upāsīthā yudhiṣṭhira | śṛṇuyās te ca yad brūyuḥ kuryāś caiva avicārayan ||

Translation

Dijo Vaiśampāyana: «Oh Yudhiṣṭhira, debes atender siempre a los ancianos maduros en saber y sabiduría. Escucha lo que te digan y cúmplelo sin vacilar, para que tu conducta permanezca acorde con el dharma mediante la humilde acogida del consejo justo».

Word by Word

• विद्या-वृद्धान्: the learned elders
• विद्या-वृद्धान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्या-वृद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• सदैव: always
• सदैव: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदैव (अव्यय)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Nominative, Singular

• उपासीथाः: should serve/attend upon
• उपासीथाः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-आस् (धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-lin (optative), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• युधिष्ठिर: O Yudhiṣṭhira
• युधिष्ठिर: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• शृणुयाः: should listen
• शृणुयाः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-lin (optative), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• ते: to you/for you
• ते: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Dative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)

• यत्: what/that which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ब्रूयुः: they should say
• ब्रूयुः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-lin (optative), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• कुर्याः: should do
• कुर्याः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-lin (optative), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)

• अविचारयन्: without deliberating
• अविचारयन्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अविचारयत् (विचारय्-प्रत्ययान्त, कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• वैशम्पायन (Vaiśampāyana)
• युधिष्ठिर (Yudhiṣṭhira)
• विद्यावृद्धाः (learned elders)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A ruler should cultivate humility by regularly serving and listening to learned elders, then implementing their dharmic counsel promptly and without wavering.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana addresses Yudhiṣṭhira with practical instruction on conduct: seek the company of wise elders, hear their guidance, and act on it as a safeguard for righteous governance and personal discipline.