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Shloka 22

अलोभोपाख्यानम् — शुनःसख-यातुधानी-संवादः

The Allegory of Non-Greed: Śunaḥsakha and the Yātudhānī

एते च पितरो राजन्नेष श्राद्धविधि: पर: । कुरुकुलश्रेष्ठ! ब्रह्मा, पुलस्त्य, वसिष्ठ, पुलह, अंगिरा, क्रतु और महर्षि कश्यप--ये सात ऋषि महान्‌ योगेश्वर और पितर माने गये हैं। राजन्‌! इस प्रकार यह श्राद्धकी उत्तम विधि बतायी गयी || २०-२१ $ ।।

ete ca pitaro rājann eṣa śrāddhavidhiḥ paraḥ | pretāstu piṇḍasambandhān mucyante tena karmaṇā ||

Bhīṣma dijo: «Oh Rey, éstos son en verdad los Padres (Pitṛs), y éste es el procedimiento supremo del śrāddha. Por ese rito, los difuntos que se hallan en el estado de “preta” quedan liberados de la aflicción de tal condición gracias a su vínculo con la ofrenda de piṇḍa. Así, conforme al śāstra, te he explicado el origen y el contexto completo del śrāddha; ahora hablaré del tema del donativo (dāna)».

प्रेताःdeparted spirits (the dead)
प्रेताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पिण्ड-सम्बन्धात्from the connection with the funeral rice-ball (piṇḍa)
पिण्ड-सम्बन्धात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपिण्डसम्बन्ध
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
मुच्यन्तेare released / become free
मुच्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootमुच्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada, Passive/Reflexive (middle usage)
तेनby that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
कर्मणाby the rite/action
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (Bhīṣma)
K
King (Rājan)
P
Pitrs (Pitaraḥ/Pitṛs)
P
Preta (Pretāḥ)
P
Piṇḍa (ritual offering)
Ś
Śrāddha (ancestral rite)
D
Dāna (gift/charity)
B
Brahmā
P
Pulastya
V
Vasiṣṭha
P
Pulaha
A
Aṅgiras
K
Kratu
K
Kaśyapa
K
Kuru dynasty (Kuru-kula)

Educational Q&A

Śrāddha, performed according to śāstra, is presented as a ‘supreme’ rite that benefits the departed: through the piṇḍa-offering and its ritual linkage, those in the preta condition are said to be released from that distress. The passage also signals a transition from śrāddha to the ethics of dāna (charitable giving).

Bhīṣma continues his instruction to the king, summarizing the authoritative śrāddha procedure and its intended effect on the departed, while referencing revered sages as exemplars/authorities. He then announces that he will proceed to teach about dāna.