Shloka 42
Nṛga-upākhyāna: Brāhmaṇa-sva and the Consequence of Misappropriated Gift-Cattle (कृकलास-रूपे नृगोपाख्यानम्)
एंक गोब्राह्मणं तस्मात् प्रवदन्ति मनीषिण: । रन्तिदेवस्य यज्ञे ता: पशुत्वेनोपकल्पिता:
ekaṁ gobrāhmaṇaṁ tasmāt pravadanti manīṣiṇaḥ | rantidevasya yajñe tāḥ paśutvenopakalpitāḥ ||
Bhishma dijo: «Por eso los sabios declaran que la vaca y el brahmán son uno en esencia. En el sacrificio del rey Rantideva, aquellas vacas fueron designadas como “víctimas” sólo en sentido ritual: estaban destinadas a ser entregadas como dádivas. De ahí que se diga que el río llamado Carmanvatī fluyó por la abundancia de pieles. Sin embargo, esas vacas no quedaron sujetas a la condición de bestias degolladas; fueron apartadas para el don.»
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse elevates the cow and the Brahmin as a single sacred category in dharma: both are to be protected and honored. It frames true righteousness as generosity and reverence for life, emphasizing that ritual designations should not be read as license for cruelty.
Bhishma cites King Rantideva’s famed sacrifice, where many cows were set aside under the ritual label of ‘paśu’ but were intended for gifting. The tradition remembers the immense scale of the rite (and its aftermath imagery, such as the river associated with hides) to underscore extraordinary charity and the sanctity attached to cows.