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Shloka 1

Cavana’s Tests of Kuśika and the Queen (अध्याय ५३: च्यवन–कुशिक-परिक्षा)

भीकम (2 अमान पज्चाशत्तमो<्ध्याय: गौओंकी महिमाके प्रसंगमें च्यवन मुनिके उपाख्यानका आरम्भ, मुनिका मत्स्योंके साथ जालमें फँसकर जलसे बाहर आना युधिछिर उवाच दर्शने कीदृश: स्नेह: संवासे च पितामह । महाभाग्यं गवां चैव तन्मे व्याख्यातुमरहसि,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--पितामह! किसीको देखने और उसके साथ रहनेपर कैसा स्नेह होता है? तथा गौओंका माहात्म्य क्या है? यह मुझे विस्तारपूर्वक बतानेकी कृपा करें

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca—darśane kīdṛśaḥ snehaḥ saṃvāse ca pitāmaha? mahābhāgyaṃ gavāṃ caiva tan me vyākhyātum arhasi.

Yudhiṣṭhira dijo: «Abuelo, ¿qué clase de afecto nace con sólo ver a alguien, y qué clase crece al convivir? Y ¿cuál es la gran bienaventuranza y la sagrada excelencia de las vacas? Te ruego que me lo expliques con detalle».

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दर्शनेin seeing/at the time of seeing
दर्शने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदर्शन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कीदृशःwhat kind (of)
कीदृशः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकीदृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्नेहःaffection, attachment
स्नेहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्नेह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
संवासेin living together/association
संवासे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंवास
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पितामहO grandsire (Bhīṣma)
पितामह:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
महाभाग्यम्great good fortune/excellence
महाभाग्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहाभाग्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गवाम्of cows
गवाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तत्that (matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मेto me/for me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
व्याख्यातुम्to explain
व्याख्यातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootव्याख्या + कृ (कृ)
FormTumun (infinitive)
अर्हसिyou are able/ought (to)
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, Indicative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Pitāmaha (Bhīṣma)
G
Gāvaḥ (cows)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an ethical inquiry into how human attachment forms—through mere perception versus sustained companionship—and introduces the dharmic theme of the cow’s sanctity and beneficence, inviting a normative explanation from Bhīṣma.

Yudhiṣṭhira begins a new line of questioning to Bhīṣma, asking him to explain the nature of affection and to expound the greatness of cows, which sets up the ensuing discourse and related exemplum (upākhyāna) in the chapter.