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Shloka 10

गोमूल्यनिर्णयः — The Determination of Value through the Cow

Nahuṣa–Cyavana Episode

विप्रायां क्षत्रियो बाह्ूं सूतं स्तोमक्रियापरम्‌ । वैश्यो वैदेहक॑ चापि मौद्गल्यमपवर्जितम्‌

viprāyāṃ kṣatriyo bāhūṃ sūtaṃ stomakriyāparam | vaiśyo vaidehakaṃ cāpi maudgalyam apavarjitam ||

Dijo Bhīṣma: Cuando un kṣatriya se une a una mujer brāhmaṇī, nace un hijo llamado Sūta, tenido por ajeno al orden regular de las varṇas, cuya ocupación acostumbrada es la recitación de alabanzas y servicios afines (como el de auriga). Asimismo, cuando un vaiśya se une a una brāhmaṇī, nace un hijo llamado Vaidehaka, considerado caído de los ritos prescritos y empleado en tareas del gineceo y de custodia; por ello también se le llama Maudgalya.

विप्रायाम्in/with a Brahmin woman
विप्रायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविप्रा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
क्षत्रियःa Kshatriya
क्षत्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बाहुम्arm
बाहुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सूतम्a Sūta (mixed-caste person; charioteer/bard)
सूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्तोमक्रियापरम्devoted to praise-rituals/recitations
स्तोमक्रियापरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्तोमक्रियापर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वैश्यःa Vaishya
वैश्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैदेहकम्a Vaidehaka (mixed-caste person)
वैदेहकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवैदेहक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
मौद्गल्यम्Maudgalya (name/designation; here as a class-name)
मौद्गल्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमौद्गल्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपवर्जितम्excluded/removed; outcast
अपवर्जितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअपवर्जित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Brahmin woman (viprā)
K
Kshatriya
V
Vaishya
S
Sūta
V
Vaidehaka
M
Maudgalya

Educational Q&A

The verse presents a normative dharma-style classification of offspring and occupations arising from unions across varṇa boundaries, emphasizing how traditional social theory links lineage, ritual status (saṃskāra), and prescribed work.

In Bhishma’s instruction during the Anushasana Parva, he enumerates categories such as Sūta and Vaidehaka (also called Maudgalya) and assigns them customary functions, as part of a broader discourse on social duties and order.