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Shloka 9

Dāyavibhāga (Inheritance Apportionment) and Household Precedence — Dialogue of Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīṣma

पज्चानां तु त्रयो धर्म्या द्वावधर्म्यों युधिष्ठिर । पैशाचश्चासुरश्चैव न कर्तव्यो कथंचन

pañcānāṁ tu trayo dharmyā dvāv adharmyau yudhiṣṭhira | paiśācaś cāsuraś caiva na kartavyo kathaṁcana ||

Bhīṣma said: “Of the five forms of marriage, O Yudhiṣṭhira, three are in accordance with dharma, while two are contrary to dharma. The Paiśāca and the Āsura forms should never be practiced under any circumstances.”

पञ्चानाम्of (the) five
पञ्चानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्च
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
धर्म्याःrighteous/according to dharma
धर्म्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्म्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
द्वौtwo
द्वौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्वि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
अधर्म्यौunrighteous/against dharma
अधर्म्यौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअधर्म्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पैशाचःthe Paiśāca (type of marriage)
पैशाचः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपैशाच
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आसुरःthe Āsura (type of marriage)
आसुरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआसुर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कर्तव्यःto be done/should be done
कर्तव्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्तव्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथंचनin any way/at all
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Paiśāca-vivāha
Ā
Āsura-vivāha
F
Five forms of marriage (pañca-vivāhāḥ)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma classifies the five traditional marriage forms and gives a clear ethical rule: only the dharma-sanctioned forms should be followed, while Paiśāca and Āsura are explicitly forbidden as adharmic.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhīṣma addresses Yudhiṣṭhira and lays down social-ethical guidance regarding marriage, distinguishing acceptable practices from those that must be avoided.