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Shloka 48

Umā–Maheśvara-saṃvāda: Varṇa-bhraṃśa, Ācāra (Vṛtta), and Karmic Ascent/Decline

तपोधनो! मनुष्य जिस प्रकार बिना किसी संशयके यज्ञका फल पाता है, वह सब पूर्णरूपसे बताऊँगा, सुनो ।।

Bhīṣma uvāca: Tapodhana! manuṣyaḥ yathā vinā saṁśayena yajñasya phalaṁ prāpnoti, tat sarvaṁ pūrṇarūpeṇa vakṣyāmi—śṛṇu. Pauṣamāsasya śukle vai yadā yujyeta Rohiṇī, tena nakṣatrayogena ākāśaśayano bhavet.

Bhīṣma dijo: «Oh tú, rico en austeridad, escucha: te explicaré por completo cómo una persona obtiene, sin duda alguna, el fruto de un sacrificio. En la quincena luminosa del mes de Pauṣa, cuando la mansión lunar Rohiṇī está en conjunción, esa noche debe dormirse bajo el cielo abierto. Observando este voto con pureza y fe concentrada, se alcanza un mérito comparable al de un gran rito sacrificial.»

पौषमासस्यof the month Pauṣa
पौषमासस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपौषमास
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
शुक्लेin the bright (fortnight)
शुक्ले:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootशुक्ल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
युज्येतshould be joined/occur
युज्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Atmanepada, 3rd, Singular
रोहिणीRohiṇī (lunar mansion)
रोहिणी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरोहिणी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तेनby that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
नक्षत्रयोगेनby the conjunction with the nakṣatra
नक्षत्रयोगेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनक्षत्रयोग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
आकाशशयनःone who sleeps under the open sky
आकाशशयनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआकाशशयन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्should become/should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
Rohiṇī (nakṣatra)
P
Pauṣa (lunar month)
Ś
Śukla pakṣa (bright fortnight)
Y
Yajña (sacrifice)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that disciplined observances aligned with sacred time—performed with purity, faith, and concentration—can yield merit comparable to major sacrifices, showing that inner sincerity and right practice can substitute for costly ritual.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhishma continues instructing on dharma and religious observances; here he prescribes a specific time-bound vow in the month of Pauṣa when Rohiṇī is conjoined, stating that sleeping under the open sky on that night grants great sacrificial merit.