Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 52

Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption

कीड़ेकी योनिसे छूटनेपर वह गदहेका जन्म पाता है। पाँच वर्षतक गदहा रहकर पाँच वर्ष सूअर, पाँच वर्ष मुर्गा, पाँच वर्ष सियार और एक वर्ष कुत्ता होता है। उसके बाद वह मनुष्ययोनिमें उत्पन्न होता है ।।

upādhyāyasya yaḥ pāpaṃ śiṣyaḥ kuryād abuddhimān | sa jīva iha saṃsārāṃs trīn āpnoti na saṃśayaḥ ||

Dijo Yudhiṣṭhira: “El discípulo falto de entendimiento que comete el pecado de ofender a su maestro pasa sin falta por tres renacimientos bajos en este mundo; de ello no hay duda. El pasaje enseña que tal falta precipita al alma a estados degradantes de existencia (como diversos animales y otras condiciones temibles), y que sólo después de padecer sus consecuencias recupera un nacimiento humano, subrayando la gravedad ética de quebrantar el vínculo maestro–discípulo y el principio de que los actos dan fruto inevitablemente.”

उपाध्यायस्यof the teacher (preceptor)
उपाध्यायस्य:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootउपाध्याय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पापम्sin, wrongdoing
पापम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शिष्यःa student
शिष्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशिष्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कुर्यात्should do / commits
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अबुद्धिमान्unintelligent, foolish
अबुद्धिमान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअबुद्धिमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जीवःliving being
जीवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजीव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इहhere (in this world)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
संसारान्transmigratory states / births
संसारान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंसार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
त्रीन्three
त्रीन्:
TypeNumeral
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आप्नोतिattains, obtains
आप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootआप्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
U
upādhyāya (teacher)
Ś
śiṣya (student/disciple)
J
jīva (individual being)

Educational Q&A

Offending one’s teacher is presented as a grave ethical violation; by karma it leads to degrading consequences across successive births, emphasizing reverence, restraint, and responsibility within the guru–disciple relationship.

Yudhiṣṭhira states a doctrinal warning: a foolish student who wrongs his teacher inevitably undergoes three low states of existence (saṃsāra), illustrating karmic retribution before eventual return to human birth.