Shloka 41
Śama-prāptiḥ — Gautamī–Lubdhaka–Pannaga–Mṛtyu–Kāla-saṃvāda
Restraint through the Analysis of Karma and Time
अथवा मततमेतत्ते ते5प्यन्योन्यप्रयोजका: । कार्यकारणसंदेहो भवत्यन्योन्यचोदनात्
athavā matam etat te te 'py anyonya-prayojakāḥ | kārya-kāraṇa-sandeho bhavaty anyonya-codanāt ||
«O si ésta es tu opinión—que incluso éstos (como la rueda y los demás) se impulsan mutuamente y por ello cuentan como causas—entonces, al admitir tal instigación recíproca, surge incertidumbre al determinar qué es causa y qué es efecto. Cuando se dice que cada uno mueve al otro, la decisión misma sobre la prioridad causal se vuelve dudosa.»
सर्प उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse critiques a theory of mutual causation: if two factors are said to cause each other, then the distinction between cause and effect becomes indeterminate, producing epistemic doubt about causal priority and responsibility.
The serpent-speaker challenges an opponent’s explanation of how instruments like punishment and related mechanisms function as causes, arguing that claiming they mutually impel one another undermines any clear decision about what truly causes what.