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Shloka 27

आदि पर्व, अध्याय 67 — गान्धर्वविवाह-समयः

Duḥṣanta–Śakuntalā: Gandharva Marriage and Succession Condition

भूमौ भूमिपति: क्षेष्ठो देवाधिप इति स्मृतः । शरभो नाम यस्तेषां दैतेयानां महासुर:

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

bhūmau bhūmipatiḥ śreṣṭho devādhipa iti smṛtaḥ |

śarabho nāma yas teṣāṃ daiteyānāṃ mahāsuraḥ ||

Dijo Vaiśampāyana: «En la tierra, el más eminente entre los reyes es recordado con el título de “Devādhipa” (Señor de los dioses). Entre aquellos Daiteyas había un gran Asura llamado Śarabha». Aquí el relato enmarca la realeza terrenal como manifestación de linajes cósmicos anteriores: se dice que poderosos seres del orden Daitya–Asura nacen entre los hombres como soberanos célebres. El trasfondo ético es que el poder político no surge al azar: su ascenso está ligado a la naturaleza propia (svabhāva) y a los actos pasados; por ello los reyes deben velar, pues la grandeza puede llevar la sombra de impulsos destructivos si no es contenida por el dharma.

भूमौon the earth
भूमौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
भूमिपतिःlord of the earth, king
भूमिपतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूमिपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षेष्ठःthe best
क्षेष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देवाधिपःlord of the gods
देवाधिपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवाधिप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
स्मृतःis remembered/called
स्मृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, kta (past passive participle)
शरभःŚarabha (name)
शरभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशरभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नामby name
नाम:
TypeNoun
Rootनामन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
दैतेयानाम्of the Daityas
दैतेयानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदैतेय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
महासुरःa great Asura
महासुरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहासुर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Bhūmi (earth)
D
Devādhipa (royal epithet)
D
Daiteyas
A
Asuras
Ś
Śarabha

Educational Q&A

The verse introduces a theme common in the Adi Parva: worldly sovereignty is intertwined with cosmic lineages. Great power (kingship) must be governed by dharma, because the same force that elevates a ruler can also carry Asuric tendencies—pride, aggression, and domination—unless disciplined by ethical restraint.

Vaiśampāyana begins a catalog-like account linking prominent human kings to earlier Daitya/Asura beings. This verse specifically notes that the foremost king is known by the title ‘Devādhipa’ and introduces Śarabha as a great Daitya/Asura, setting up identifications that follow in the surrounding passage.