Shloka 18

आदि पर्व, अध्याय 67 — गान्धर्वविवाह-समयः

Duḥṣanta–Śakuntalā: Gandharva Marriage and Succession Condition

Devanagari script

रोचमान इति ख्यात:ः पृथिव्यां सो5भवन्नूष: । सूक्ष्मस्तु मतिमान्‌ राजन्‌ कीर्तिमान्‌ यः प्रकीर्तित:

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

rocamāna iti khyātaḥ pṛthivyāṃ so 'bhavannūṣaḥ |

sūkṣmas tu matimān rājan kīrtimān yaḥ prakīrtitaḥ |

Translation

Vaiśampāyana dijo: «Aquel ser poderoso llegó a ser en la tierra un rey renombrado con el nombre de Rocamāna. Y el Daitya llamado Sūkṣma—celebrado por su inteligencia y su gloria—nació aquí como soberano humano». En este pasaje el narrador prosigue la advertencia ética implícita en la genealogía: poderes movidos por actos duros o temibles pueden reaparecer entre los hombres como reyes; por ello, la soberanía mundana puede ocultar impulsos antiguos, no humanos. De ahí que el discernimiento (mati) y la contención sean cruciales al juzgar a los gobernantes y sus acciones.

Word by Word

• रोचमानः: Rocamāna (name)
• रोचमानः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोचमान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• इति: thus; as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• ख्यातः: known; famed
• ख्यातः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ख्यात (कृदन्त; √ख्या)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पृथिव्याम्: on the earth
• पृथिव्याम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अभवत्: became; was born
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• नूषः: Nūṣa (name)
• नूषः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नूष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सूक्ष्मः: Sūkṣma (name)
• सूक्ष्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूक्ष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but; indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• मतिमान्: intelligent
• मतिमान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मतिमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• कीर्तिमान्: famous; renowned
• कीर्तिमान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कीर्तिमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रकीर्तितः: proclaimed; celebrated
• प्रकीर्तितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रकीर्तित (कृदन्त; √कीर्त्/√कृत् in caus./denom. usage)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Janamejaya
• Rocamāna
• Sūkṣma
• Pṛthivī (Earth)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The passage reinforces that outward status (a king’s birth and fame) may mask deeper inherited tendencies; hence rulers should be evaluated by conduct and restraint, not merely by name, power, or reputation.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana continues listing beings of Daitya/Asura origin who take birth among humans as kings, identifying Rocamāna and then noting that the famed Daitya Sūkṣma likewise becomes a human ruler.