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Shloka 5

Aṃśāvataraṇa-kathana (Catalog of Divine/Asuric Portions in Human Births) — Chapter 61

यथा च युद्धम भवत्‌ पृथिवीक्षयकारकम्‌ । तत्‌ ते5हं कथयिष्यामि पृच्छते भरतर्षभ,राजन्‌! जिस प्रकार कौरव और पाण्डवोंमें फ़ूट पड़ी, वह प्रसंग सुनो। राज्यके लिये जो जुआ खेला गया, उससे उनमें फूट हुई और उसीके कारण पाण्डवोंका वनवास हुआ। भरतश्रेष्ठ फिर जिस प्रकार पृथ्वीके वीरोंका विनाश करनेवाला महाभारत-युद्ध हुआ, वह तुम्हारे प्रश्नंके अनुसार तुमसे कहता हूँ, सुनो

vaiśampāyana uvāca | yathā ca yuddham abhavat pṛthivīkṣayakārakam | tat te 'haṃ kathayiṣyāmi pṛcchate bharatarṣabha ||

Vaiśampāyana dijo: «Cómo llegó a suceder aquella guerra—la guerra que trajo la destrucción de los guerreros de la tierra—te lo relataré ahora, puesto que preguntas, oh toro entre los Bharata. Escucha la cadena de hechos por la cual surgió la ruptura entre los Kaurava y los Pāṇḍava, y cómo, impulsados por el ansia de reinar y por el funesto juego de dados, los Pāṇḍava fueron enviados al bosque, hasta culminar en la gran guerra que consumió a los héroes del mundo».

यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
युद्धम्the war
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्was, happened
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पृथिवीक्षयकारकम्causing the destruction of the earth (its warriors)
पृथिवीक्षयकारकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपृथिवी-क्षय-कारक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that (matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative, Singular, 2nd
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular, 1st
कथयिष्यामिI will narrate/tell
कथयिष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootकथय् (कथ् + णिच्)
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
पृच्छतेto you who ask / as you ask
पृच्छते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ्
FormPresent (Laṭ), 2nd, Singular, Ātmanepada
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Bharatarṣabha (addressed listener, i.e., Janamejaya)
P
Pṛthivī (Earth)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames the Mahābhārata war as the end-result of a causal chain: ambition for sovereignty, moral failure in governance, and the corrosive consequences of deceitful play (dyūta) lead to social rupture and finally to catastrophic violence. Ethically, it warns that adharma in seemingly ‘political’ choices accumulates into collective destruction.

Vaiśampāyana, responding to the king’s inquiry (addressed as Bharatarṣabha), announces that he will narrate how the earth-destroying war came about. This functions as a transition into the account of the events—especially the rivalry and the conditions that culminate in the great conflict.