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Shloka 20

कथमन्निर्न नो धक्ष्येत्‌ कथमाखुर्न नाशयेत्‌ | कथं न स्यात्‌ पिता मोघ: कथं माता प्रियेत न:,हम तो यह सोचते हैं कि क्या उपाय हो, जिससे अग्नि हमें न जलावे, चूहा हमें न मारे एवं हमारे पिताका संतानोत्पादनविषयक प्रयत्न निष्फल न हो और हमारी माता भी जीवित रहे?

katham agnir na no dhakṣyet katham ākhur na nāśayet | kathaṁ na syāt pitā moghaḥ kathaṁ mātā priyeta naḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana dijo: «¿Cómo es posible que el fuego no nos queme? ¿Cómo es posible que la rata no nos destruya? ¿Cómo es posible que el esfuerzo de nuestro padre por engendrar descendencia no resulte vano? ¿Y cómo es posible que nuestra madre permanezca viva y amada por nosotros?»

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
अग्निःfire
अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नःus/our
नः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative/Genitive, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धक्ष्येत्should burn
धक्ष्येत्:
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
आखुःrat/mouse
आखुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआखु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नःus/our
नः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative/Genitive, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नाशयेत्should destroy/kill
नाशयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनश्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, true
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पिताfather
पिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मोघःfruitless/in vain
मोघः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमोघ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
माताmother
माता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रियेतshould be dear / should please / should thrive (live happily)
प्रियेत:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रि
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
नःto us/for us
नः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative/Genitive, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Agni (fire)
Ā
Ākhu (rat/mouse)
P
pitā (father)
M
mātā (mother)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds human vulnerability and the ethical urgency of safeguarding life, family continuity, and parental well-being—seeking prudent means so that destructive forces (fire, pests) do not negate dharmic aims such as protection of dependents and continuation of lineage.

The speaker reports a set of anxious questions voiced in the story: they are looking for a practical remedy to avert immediate threats (fire and a rat) and to ensure that the father’s procreative effort succeeds and the mother survives.