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Shloka 20

Udara-roga Nidāna: Causes, Doṣa-Types, Spleen/Liver Enlargement, and Udakodara

Devanagari script

नीरातिवृद्धौ कठिनं शीतस्पर्शं गुरु स्थिरम् / त्रिदोषकोपने तैस्तैस्त्रिदोषजीनैतर्मलैः

Transliteration

nīrātivṛddhau kaṭhinaṃ śītasparśaṃ guru sthiram / tridoṣakopane taistaistridoṣajīnaitarmalaiḥ

Translation

Cuando el elemento acuoso crece en exceso, el estado se vuelve duro, frío al tacto, pesado y fijo, casi inmóvil. Cuando se exacerban los tres doṣas, por las impurezas propias de cada uno, el cuerpo queda afligido por un trastorno tri-doṣico junto con otros desechos mórbidos.

Word by Word
नीरwater
नीर:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootनीर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, nominative/accusative singular; compound-member)
अतिexcessively
अति:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्ग/अव्यय (prefix/adverbial intensifier)
वृद्धौin increase/augmentation
वृद्धौ:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन (feminine, locative singular)
कठिनम्hard
कठिनम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकठिन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)
शीतcold
शीत:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशीत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter; compound-member)
स्पर्शम्touch/feel
स्पर्शम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्पर्श (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (masculine, nominative/accusative singular)
गुरुheavy
गुरु:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootगुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)
स्थिरम्stable/immobile
स्थिरम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थिर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)
त्रिthree
त्रि:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक (numeral; compound-member)
दोषdoṣa (humor)
दोष:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootदोष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक (compound-member)
कोपनेin the aggravation
कोपने:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकोपन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन (neuter, locative singular); समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: त्रिदोषस्य कोपने (in aggravation of the three doṣas)
तैःby those
तैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया, बहुवचन (instrumental plural)
तैःby those (various)
तैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया, बहुवचन (instrumental plural; पुनरुक्ति for emphasis)
त्रिthree
त्रि:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक (numeral; compound-member)
दोषdoṣa
दोष:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootदोष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक (compound-member)
जीनcaused by
जीन:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootजीन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण-प्रातिपदिक (compound-member; 'produced/caused')
इतरother
इतर:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootइतर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण-प्रातिपदिक (compound-member)
मलैःby impurities/wastes
मलैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootमल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन (instrumental plural); समासः कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-समाहारः: त्रिदोषजीन-इतर-मलैः (by impurities caused by the three doṣas and other [impurities])
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda/Vinatā-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Kapha

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Maintaining bodily equilibrium (doṣa-sāmya) by recognizing signs of elemental/doṣic excess; disorder arises from impurity and imbalance.

Vedantic Theme: Deha as prakṛti-vikāra; discernment (viveka) between Self and bodily states supports steadiness.

Application: Notice kapha-like signs (heaviness, cold touch, immobility) and early tri-doṣa aggravation; adopt balancing diet, routine, and timely treatment rather than neglect.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.161 (Ayurveda/roga-nidāna section); Garuda Purana 1.160–1.162 (doṣa, dhātu, mala discussions—contextual)

Characters & Entities
V
Vishnu
G
Garuda
T
Tridosha

FAQs

It signals a heavy, cold, rigid state—indicating a fluid-dominant imbalance that helps identify the nature of the disorder and its management.

It does not describe Yama’s realm or preta states; instead, it frames embodied life as governed by doṣa and mala—knowledge that supports dharmic living through health and restraint.

If heaviness, coldness, rigidity, and sluggishness dominate, reduce aggravating habits (overeating, inactivity, cold/heavy foods) and seek doṣa-appropriate guidance.

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