Shloka 23

Hari’s Avatāras and the Cosmic Power of Pativratā-Dharma

सूर्योदये मृतिस्तस्य येनाहं चालितः पदा / तच्छ्रुत्वा प्राह तद्भार्या सूर्यो नोदयमेष्यति

sūryodaye mṛtistasya yenāhaṃ cālitaḥ padā / tacchrutvā prāha tadbhāryā sūryo nodayameṣyati

«Al salir el sol, la muerte alcanzará a aquel por quien fui golpeado con el pie». Al oírlo, su esposa dijo: «Entonces el sol no saldrá».

सूर्योदयेat sunrise
सूर्योदये:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time locus)
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य + उदय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष समास (सूर्यस्य उदयः), पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन
मृतिःdeath
मृतिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमृति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
येनby whom/through whom
येन:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative)
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
चालितःwas moved/shaken
चालितः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootचल् (धातु)
Formणिच्-प्रयोगस्य भूतकृदन्त (causative past participle: ‘made to move’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अहम् इति विशेषणम्
पदाby (his) foot
पदा:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootपद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
तत्that (statement)
तत्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; श्रुत्वा इत्यस्य कर्म
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/Anterior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive), ‘having heard’
प्राहsaid
प्राह:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + अह्/ब्रू (धातु; ‘to say’)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘प्र’ उपसर्ग
तद्भार्याhis wife
तद्भार्या:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् + भार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (तस्य भार्या), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
सूर्यःthe sun
सूर्यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
not
:
Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation particle)
उदयम्rising/sunrise
उदयम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootउदय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; एष्यति इत्यस्य कर्म
एष्यतिwill go/come (to); will attain
एष्यति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootइ (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple Future), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Narrator (within the Vishnu–Garuda dialogue context)

Concept: Power of satya/saṅkalpa rooted in vrata (pativratā-tejas); speech acts (vāk) can shape outcomes, yet must align with dharma to avoid cosmic disruption.

Vedantic Theme: Śakti of vāk and saṅkalpa; moral potency (tejas) arises from disciplined life; tension between individual will and cosmic order (ṛta).

Application: Use speech responsibly; cultivate integrity so that promises carry weight; avoid absolutist vows that harm broader order.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Type: liminal threshold (night-to-dawn)

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.142 (pativratā power motif; leads into resolution where cosmic order is preserved through higher intervention)

S
Surya (Sun)

FAQs

Sunrise functions as a fixed cosmic marker for a foretold time of death, showing how destiny is framed against the order of nature.

It portrays a reaction of denial—trying to negate the condition itself (“the sun will not rise”)—highlighting the futility of resisting inevitable outcomes.

Live with awareness of life’s uncertainty: prioritize dharma, reconciliation, and timely spiritual practice instead of relying on avoidance or denial.