Shloka 16

Nīti-Upadeśa: Discernment, Proper Use of Resources, and Social Strategy

कदर्थितस्यापि हि धैर्यवृत्तेर्न शक्यते सर्वगुणप्रमाथः / अधः खलेनापि कृतस्य वह्नेर्नाधः शिखा याति कदाचिदेव

kadarthitasyāpi hi dhairyavṛtterna śakyate sarvaguṇapramāthaḥ / adhaḥ khalenāpi kṛtasya vahnernādhaḥ śikhā yāti kadācideva

Aunque se humille a quien es firme en su entereza, no puede destruirse por completo su fortaleza. Así como la llama del fuego—aunque un poder malvado la oprima hacia abajo—jamás se vuelve para elevarse hacia abajo.

कदर्थितस्यof one who is insulted/abused
कदर्थितस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive)
TypeAdjective
Rootकदर्थित (कृदन्त; कदर्थय् धातु, क्त)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-एकवचन (सम्बन्धे)
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (concessive: 'even/though')
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic/causal)
धैर्यवृत्तेःof the steadfast/courageous disposition
धैर्यवृत्तेः:
Sambandha (Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootधैर्य + वृत्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-एकवचन; धैर्यस्य वृत्तिः इति (quality/behavior of courage)
not
:
Sambandha (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation)
शक्यतेis possible
शक्यते:
Kriya (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootशक् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (is possible)
सर्वगुणप्रमाथःthe destroyer of all virtues
सर्वगुणप्रमाथः:
Karta (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व + गुण + प्रमाथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; सर्वेषां गुणानां प्रमाथः (destroyer of all virtues)
अधःdownwards
अधः:
Adhikarana (Locative sense/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb of place: 'downwards')
खलेनby a wicked person
खलेन:
Karana (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootखल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-एकवचन (करण)
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (concessive)
कृतस्यof (fire) that has been made/placed
कृतस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत (कृदन्त; कृ धातु, क्त)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-एकवचन (वह्नेः विशेषणम्)
वह्नेःof fire
वह्नेः:
Sambandha (Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootवह्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-एकवचन
not
:
Sambandha (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध
अधःdownwards
अधः:
Adhikarana (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb of place)
शिखाflame
शिखा:
Karta (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootशिखा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन
यातिgoes
याति:
Kriya (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
कदाचित्ever
कदाचित्:
Kala (Temporal adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचित् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb of time: 'ever/at any time')
एवindeed/at all
एव:
Sambandha (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (restrictive/emphatic)

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinatā-putra)

Concept: Dhairya (fortitude) rooted in character cannot be annihilated by external insult; inner tejas naturally rises like flame despite downward pressure.

Vedantic Theme: Antahkarana-bala and sattva-sthairya: the inner disposition remains steady amid dvandvas (honor/dishonor).

Application: Cultivate resilience; respond to insult without losing integrity; keep one’s purpose steady under social pressure.

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.110 (series of niti verses on self-respect, avoiding the wicked, steadfastness)

FAQs

This verse presents dhairya as a virtue that cannot be fully extinguished by external humiliation; it is a core dharmic strength that preserves one’s goodness under pressure.

Indirectly, it emphasizes inner character as the stable support for dharma; such steadiness is portrayed as an enduring quality that helps one remain righteous regardless of hostile circumstances.

When insulted or pressured by unethical people, do not abandon good conduct—like a flame that naturally rises, keep your values oriented upward through calm endurance and disciplined action.