Shloka 4

सख्यं मैत्रीं सौहृदं च सारथ्यादिषु संस्मरन् । नृपमग्रजमित्याह बाष्पगद्गदया गिरा ॥ ४ ॥

sakhyaṁ maitrīṁ sauhṛdaṁ ca sārathyādiṣu saṁsmaran nṛpam agrajam ity āha bāṣpa-gadgadayā girā

Recordando la amistad, la intimidad, la benevolencia, los favores, los lazos familiares y el servicio de auriga del Señor Śrī Kṛṣṇa, Arjuna, con la voz entrecortada por las lágrimas, comenzó a hablar a su hermano mayor, el rey Yudhiṣṭhira.

सख्यम्friendship
सख्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
मैत्रीम्affection
मैत्रीम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमैत्री (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
सौहृदम्goodwill
सौहृदम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसौहृद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)
सारथ्यादिषुin (acts) like charioteership, etc.
सारथ्यादिषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootसारथ्य + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/अधिकरण), बहुवचन; अव्ययीभाव: सारथ्य-आदि- (in charioteership etc.)
संस्मरन्remembering
संस्मरन्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + √स्मृ (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा, एकवचन
नृपम्the king
नृपम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
अग्रजम्the elder brother
अग्रजम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअग्रज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; इत्यादि-उद्धरण-निपात (quotative particle)
आहsaid
आह:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√अह्/√ब्रू (धातु; आह = लिट्-रूप)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
बाष्पगद्गदयाwith a tear-choked (faltering)
बाष्पगद्गदया:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootबाष्प + गद्गद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: बाष्पयुक्ता गद्गदा (tear-choked, faltering)
गिराvoice/speech
गिरा:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootगिर्/गिरा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

The supreme living being is perfect in all relations with His pure devotee. Śrī Arjuna is one of the typical pure devotees of the Lord reciprocating in the fraternal relationship, and the Lord’s dealings with Arjuna are displays of friendship of the highest perfect order. He was not only a well-wisher of Arjuna but actually a benefactor, and to make it still more perfect the Lord tied him into a family relationship by arranging Subhadrā’s marriage with him. And above all, the Lord agreed to become a chariot driver of Arjuna in order to protect His friend from warfare risks, and the Lord became actually happy when He established the Pāṇḍavas to rule over the world. Arjuna remembered all these one after another, and thus he became overwhelmed with such thoughts.

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira Mahārāja
A
Arjuna
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa

FAQs

This verse highlights that recalling Kṛṣṇa’s intimate dealings—such as His humble service as a charioteer—awakens deep devotional emotion and intensifies loving remembrance.

Because remembrance of Kṛṣṇa’s closeness with the Pāṇḍavas and the pain of separation stirred powerful bhakti, making Yudhiṣṭhira’s speech tremble with tears and emotion.

Regularly remember Kṛṣṇa’s kindness and personal care for His devotees (through study, japa, and kīrtana); such remembrance softens the heart and strengthens devotion during times of loss or change.