Adhyaya 199: Description of the Torments of Rebirth: The Asipatravana Punishment and the Mechanics of Karmic Retribution

Verse 1

पुनः संसारचक्रयातनास्वरूपवर्णनम् ॥ ऋषिपुत्र उवाच ॥ तस्मिन् क्षितितलं सर्वमायसैः कण्टकैश्चितम् ॥ प्रभवन्ति पुनः केचिद्विषमं तमसाश्रितम्

Again, there is a description of the nature of the torments belonging to the wheel of saṁsāra. The Ṛṣi’s son said: “In that place, the entire surface of the ground is strewn with iron thorns; and again some arise there, entering a harsh terrain shrouded in darkness.”

Verse 2

अथान्ये छिन्नपादास्तु छिन्नपाणिशिरोधराः ॥ पापाचारास्तथा देशादुपसर्पत मा चिरम्

Then others—indeed—with feet severed, with hands and necks severed, those of sinful conduct: “Approach from that region; do not delay long.”

Verse 3

ये तु धर्मरताः दाता वपुष्मन्तो यथा गृहे ॥ परिपान्ति क्षितिं सर्वे पात्यन्ते पापकाःरिणः

Those devoted to dharma and generous, flourishing as though within their own homes, protect the earth; but those who commit wrongdoing are cast down.

Verse 4

याचमानाः स्थिताः नित्यं सुशीतैस्तोयभोजनैः ॥ स्त्रियः श्रीरूपसंकाशाः सुकुमाराः सुभोजनाः

Ever standing as supplicants, with very cool water and food, there are women resembling the beauty of Śrī (Lakṣmī)—delicate, tender, and associated with fine fare.

Verse 5

कृत्वा पूजां परां तत्र प्रतीक्षन्ते परं जनम् ॥ अग्नितप्ते सुघोरे च निक्षिप्यन्ते शिलातले

Having performed a supreme act of worship there, they wait for the other person; in a terrifying place heated by fire, they are cast down upon a stone surface.

Verse 6

आलोके च प्रदर्श्यन्ते वृक्षाश्च भुवनानि च ॥ आयान्ति दह्यमानेषु पृष्ठपादोदरेषु च

In the light, trees and worlds are shown; and they come while their backs, feet, and bellies are burning.

Verse 7

तत्र गत्वा तु ते दूताः प्रविशन्ति सुदारुणाः ॥ क्लिश्यन्ति बहवस्तत्र त्रातारं नाप्नुवन्ति ते

Having gone there, those messengers—most dreadful—enter. Many suffer there, and they do not obtain a rescuer.

Verse 8

अथान्ये तु श्वभिर्घोरैरापादतलमस्तकम् ॥ भक्ष्यमाणा रुदन्तश्च क्रोशन्तश्च पुनःपुनः

Then others, from the soles of the feet up to the head, are being devoured by dreadful dogs; they weep and cry out again and again.

Verse 9

अथान्ये तु महारूपा महादंष्ट्रा भयानकाः ॥ सूचীমुखं कृताः पापाः क्षुधितास्तृषितास्तथा

Then others—of immense form, with great fangs and terrifying—are made needle-faced; the sinful ones are hungry and thirsty as well.

Verse 10

अयःशरमयी नारी वह्नितप्ता सुदारुणा ॥ आलिङ्गति नरं तत्र धावन्तं चानुधावति

There a woman made of iron arrows—heated by fire and exceedingly cruel—embraces a man; and as he runs, she runs after him.

Verse 11

धावन्तं चानुधावन्ती त्विदं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥ अहं ते भगिनी पाप ह्यहं भार्या सुतस्य ते

While pursuing him as he ran, she spoke these words: “I am your sister, sinner; indeed, I am the wife of your son.”

Verse 12

मातृष्वसा ते दुर्बुद्धे मातुलानी पितृष्वसा ॥ गुरुभार्या मित्रभार्या भ्रातृभार्या नृपस्य च

“I am your maternal aunt, you wicked-minded one; your maternal uncle’s wife; your paternal aunt; your teacher’s wife; your friend’s wife; your brother’s wife—and also the king’s wife.”

Verse 13

श्रोत्रियाणां द्विजातीनां जाया वै धर्षितास्त्वया॥ मोक्ष्यसे न हि पापात्त्वं रसातलगतो यथा॥

You violated the wives of learned, twice-born men. You will not be released from that sin—just as one who has fallen into Rasātala does not easily escape.

Verse 14

किं प्रधावसि निर्लज्ज व्यसनैश्चोपपादितः॥ हनिष्येऽहं ध्रुवं पाप यथा कर्म त्वया कृतम्॥

Why do you run about, shameless one, driven by your vices? I will surely strike you down, you sinner, in accordance with the deed you have done.

Verse 15

एवं वै बोधयन्तीह श्रावयन्ति पुनःपुनः॥ अभिद्रवन्ति तं पापं घोररूपा भयानकाः॥

Thus, instructing him here and repeatedly making him hear it again and again, terrifying beings of dreadful form rush upon that sinner.

Verse 16

ज्ञानिनां च सहस्रेषु जातं जातं तथा स्त्रियः॥ अनुपीड्य दुरात्मानं धर्षयन्ति सुदारुणम्॥

And among thousands of the wise, again and again women—having oppressed that wicked-souled man—violate him with extreme cruelty.

Verse 17

वृषलीर्बहुलैर्दुःखैः किं क्रन्दसि पुनः पुनः॥ किं क्रन्दसि सुदुर्बुद्धे परिष्वक्तः स्वयं मया॥

O vṛṣalī, overwhelmed by many sufferings—why do you wail again and again? Why do you cry out, foolish-minded one, when you are yourself held fast by me?

Verse 18

दशधा त्वं मया पाप नीयमानः पुनःपुनः॥ अञ्जलिं वापि कुर्वाणो याचमानो न लज्जसे॥

“O sinner, you are dragged by me in tenfold ways again and again; even while making supplication with folded hands and begging, you do not feel shame.”

Verse 19

तत्र तत्रैव पाप त्वां न त्यक्ष्ये पारदारिकम्॥ लोहयष्टिप्रहारैश्च ताडयन्ति पुनःपुनः॥

“There and there indeed, O sinner, I will not abandon you—adulterer. And they beat you again and again with blows of iron staffs.”

Verse 20

गोपालाः इव दण्डेन कालयन्तो मुहुर्मुहुः॥ व्याघ्रसिंहशृगालैश्च तथा गर्दभराक्षसैः॥

“Like cowherds with a stick, driving him on again and again, he is set upon by tigers, lions, and jackals, and also by donkey-like rākṣasas.”

Verse 21

भक्ष्यन्ते श्वापदैरन्यैः श्वभिः काकैस्तथापरे॥ असिं तालवनं तत्र धूमज्वालासमाकुलम्॥

“They are devoured by other wild beasts—by dogs and by crows as well. There, in that place, is a palm-grove of swords, filled with smoke and flames.”

Verse 22

दावाग्निसदृशाकारं प्रदीप्तं सर्वतोऽर्चिषा॥ तत्र क्षिप्त्वा ततः पापं यमदूतैः सुदारुणैः॥

“It blazes, resembling a forest-fire in appearance, aflame on all sides with tongues of flame. Having cast the sinner there, the very cruel messengers of Yama proceed.”

Verse 23

तत्र छिन्नाश्च दग्धाश्च हन्यमानाश्च सर्वशः ॥ विधृष्टा विकृताश्चैव दह्यमाना नदन्ति ते ॥

There, they are cut down and burned, and everywhere they are struck down. Abused and disfigured, and while being scorched, they cry out.

Verse 24

असितालवनद्वारि ये तिष्ठन्ति महारथाः ॥ पापकर्मसमायुक्तास्तर्जयन्ति सुदारुणाः ॥

At the gate of the Asitālava forest stand mighty warriors; aligned with sinful deeds, they harshly threaten (the arriving beings).

Verse 25

भो भो पापसमाचाराः धर्मसेतुविनाशकाः ॥ अतो निमित्तं पापिष्ठा यातनाभिः सहस्रशः ॥

‘Ho! Ho! You whose conduct is sinful, destroyers of the bridge of dharma—because of this cause, you worst of sinners (are subjected) to torments in the thousands.’

Verse 26

दह्यमानान् सुतप्तांश्च संश्रयन्ते द्रुमान् पुनः ॥ असिपत्रैस्ततो वृक्षाच्छिन्दन्ति बहुशो नरान् ॥

Burning and intensely scorched, they again take refuge in trees; then, from the tree, men are repeatedly cut down by sword-like leaves.

Verse 27

अनुभूयेह तत्सर्वं मानुष्यं यदि यास्यथ ॥ कुलेषु सुदरिद्राणां गर्भवासेन पीडिताः ॥

After experiencing all that here, if you go to human existence, you will be born in extremely poor families, afflicted by dwelling in the womb (i.e., the pains of gestation and birth).

Verse 28

पक्षिणश्चायसैस्तुण्डैर्व्याघ्राश्चैव सुदारुणाः ॥ तत्र घोरा बहुविधाः क्रव्यादाः श्वादयस्तथा ॥

There are birds with iron beaks, and exceedingly ferocious tigers; there too are many kinds of dreadful flesh-eaters—dogs and others.

Verse 29

खादन्ति रुषितास्तत्र बहवो हिंसका नरान् ॥ ऋक्षद्वीपिसमाकीर्णे बहुकीटपिपीलिके ॥

Many violent beings there, enraged, devour men—(in a place) filled with bears and leopards, with many insects and ants.

Verse 30

असितालवने विप्रा बहुदुःखसमाकुले ॥ तत्र क्षिप्ता मया दृष्टा यमदूतैर्महाबलैः ॥

O brāhmaṇas, in the Asitālava forest—filled with much suffering—I saw them cast there by Yama’s powerful messengers.

Verse 31

असिपत्रे सुभग्नाङ्गाः शूललग्नास्तथाऽपरे ॥ तथाऽपरो महादेशो नानारूपो भयानकः ॥

In the Asipatra (region), some have their limbs broken; others are impaled upon spears. And there is another vast tract, manifold in form and terrifying.

Verse 32

पुष्करिण्यश्च वाप्यश्च ह्रदा नद्यस्तथैव च ॥ तडागानि च कूपाश्च रुधिरस्य सहस्रशः ॥

There are lotus-ponds and reservoirs, lakes and rivers as well—ponds and wells—(all) of blood, in the thousands.

Verse 33

पूतिमांसकृमीणां च अमेध्यस्य तथैव च॥ अन्यानि च मया तत्र दृष्टानि मुनिसत्तमाः॥

There I saw worms in putrid flesh, and likewise filth; and I saw other such things there as well, O best of sages.

Verse 34

तत्र क्लिश्यन्ति ते पापास्तस्मिन्मध्ये सहस्रशः॥ जिघ्रन्तश्च तथा गन्धं मज्जन्तश्च सहस्रशः॥

There, those sinners suffer within it in their thousands—smelling the stench, and sinking down, in their thousands.

Verse 35

अस्थिपाषाणवर्षाणि रुधिरस्य बलाहकाः॥ अश्मवर्षाणि ते घोराः पातयन्ति सहस्रशः॥

Clouds of blood rain down showers of bone and stone; those dreadful ones hurl down torrents of rocks, in their thousands.

Verse 36

धावतां प्लवतां चैव हा हतोऽस्मीति भाषिणाम्॥ प्राहतानां पुनः शब्दो वध्यतां च सुदारुणः॥

Of those running and trying to swim, crying, ‘Alas, I am slain!’—again there was the sound of those being struck down, and of those being executed, most dreadful.

Verse 37

क्वचित्स्थूलैस्तथा बद्धः उद्बद्धश्च क्वचित्तथा॥ हाहाभयानकोन्मिश्रः शब्दोऽश्रूयत दारुणः॥

In some places one was bound with thick bonds; elsewhere one was unbound again. A dreadful sound was heard—mingled with cries of ‘hā hā’ and terror.

Verse 38

अपश्यं पुनरन्यत्र यत्स्मृत्वा चोद्विजेन्नरः॥

And again, elsewhere, I saw something which, merely by remembering it, a man would be shaken with dread.

Verse 39

अन्नानि दीयमानानि भक्ष्याणि विविधानि च॥ भोज्यानि लेह्यचोष्याणि यैर्निषिद्धं दुरात्मभिः॥

Foods were being offered—various edible items: things to be eaten, licked, and sucked—by which the wicked-minded committed what is forbidden.

Verse 40

न मोक्ष्यसे मया पाप कुतो गच्छसि मूढ वै॥ यत्र यत्र प्रयासि त्वमिति गत्वा यमालये॥

“You will not be released by me, O sinner; where will you go, truly, O deluded one? Wherever you try to go…”—thus it was said upon going to Yama’s abode.

Verse 41

भोगैश्च पीडिता नित्यं उत्पत्स्यथ सुदुर्गताः॥ अग्निज्वालानिभास्तत्र अग्निस्पर्शा महारवाः॥

Afflicted constantly by torments, you will leap up, fallen into a grievous state. There are forms like flames of fire; at the touch of fire, great cries arise.

Verse 42

क्रन्दतां करुणोन्मिश्रं दिशोऽपूऱ्यन्त सर्वशः॥ क्वचिद्बद्धः क्वचिद्रुद्धः क्वचिद्विद्धः सुदारुणैः॥

The directions were filled on all sides with cries mixed with lamentation. Somewhere one was bound, somewhere restrained, somewhere pierced—by exceedingly dreadful means.