Adhyaya 24: The Glory of Prithudaka Tirtha and the Akshaya Tithi at Kurukshetra
पृथूदक-तीर्थमाहात्म्य एवं अक्षया-तिथिवर्णन (Pṛthūdaka-Tīrtha-Māhātmya evaṃ Akṣayā-Tithi-Varṇana)
Akshaya Tithi at Kurukshetra
Within the Pulastya–Nārada narrative frame, this Adhyāya presents a Kurukṣetra-centered tīrtha-māhātmya in which Devadeva (Hari addressed as Murāri) directs the gods to the mahātīrtha Pṛthūdaka, praised as intrinsically purifying and fear-dispelling. The sanctity is calendrically anchored: when the luminaries and Bṛhaspati align in Mṛgaśiras, the day is celebrated as Akṣayā, a time especially efficacious for pitṛ-tarpaṇa and śrāddha on the banks of the east-flowing (prācī) Sarasvatī. The devas, led by Indra, enact the pilgrimage, bathe, and request Bṛhaspati to ‘authorize’ the auspicious configuration, foregrounding Purāṇic ritual time as a theological instrument. The chapter then pivots to a genealogical-etiological strand: Indra’s pious offering to the Pitṛs yields Menā, given to Himavān, and the union produces three exceptionally beautiful daughters—linking śrāddha-merit, sacred geography, and dynastic cosmology in a syncretic Purāṇic register.
Divine Beings
Sacred Geography
Mortal & Asura Figures
Key Content Points
- Devadeva/Murāri instructs the gods to proceed to Kurukṣetra’s Pṛthūdaka, a mahātīrtha described as puṇya and pāpa-bhaya-apaha (sin- and fear-removing).
- Ritual time is specified through astral markers: the Mṛgaśiras nakṣatra with Sun, Moon, and Bṛhaspati yields the celebrated Akṣayā tithi, ideal for śrāddha and pitṛ-ārādhana at the prācī Sarasvatī.
- After the devas bathe, they petition Bṛhaspati to effect/confirm the auspicious configuration; the narrative then connects pitṛ-bhakti to lineage by recounting Indra’s piṇḍa-offering and the consequent bestowal of Menā to Himavān, leading to three divine-like daughters.
Shlokas in Adhyaya 24
Verse 1
देवदेव उवाच एवं पृथूदको देवाः पुण्यः पापभयापहः तं गच्छध्वं महातीर्थं यावत् संनिधिवोधितम्
The Lord of gods said: “Thus, O gods, this Pṛthūdaka is meritorious and removes the fear arising from sin. Go to that great sacred ford (tīrtha), as has been declared regarding its sanctifying divine presence (sannidhi).”
Verse 2
यदा मृगशिरोऋक्षे शशिसूर्यौ बृहस्पतिः तिष्ठन्ति सा तिथिः पुण्या त्वक्षया परिगीयते
“When the Moon and the Sun, together with Jupiter (Bṛhaspati), are situated in the lunar mansion Mṛgaśiras, that tithi is holy; it is praised as ‘Akṣayā’, bestowing imperishable merit.”
Verse 3
तं गच्छध्वं सुरश्रेष्ठा यत्र प्राची सरस्वती पितॄन् आराधयध्वं हि तत्र श्राद्धेन भक्तिततः
“Go there, O best of the gods, where the eastward-flowing Sarasvatī is. There indeed worship the Pitṛs by performing śrāddha, with devotion.”
Verse 4
ततो मुरारिवचनं श्रुत्वा देवाः सवासवाः समाजग्मुः कुरुक्षेत्रे पुण्यतीर्थं पृथूदकम्
“Then, having heard the words of Murāri (Viṣṇu), the gods—together with Vāsava (Indra)—assembled at Kurukṣetra, at the sacred ford called Pṛthūdaka.”
Verse 5
तत्र स्नात्वा सुराः सर्वे बृहस्पतिमचोदयन् विशस्व भगवन् ऋक्षमिमं मृशिरं कुरु पुण्यां तिथिं पापहरां तव कालो ऽयमागतः
“Having bathed there, all the gods urged Bṛhaspati: ‘O Blessed one, declare it clearly; determine for us this nakṣatra and make known an auspicious tithi that removes sin. Your time has now arrived.’”
Verse 6
प्रवर्तते रविस्तत्र चन्द्रमापि विशत्यसौ त्वदायत्तं गुरो कार्यं सुराणां तत् कुरुष्व च
“There the Sun proceeds on his course, and the Moon also enters its course. O Guru, the work of the gods depends upon you—therefore do the required duty as well.”
Verse 7
इत्येवमुक्तो देवैस्तु देवाचार्यो ऽब्रवीदिदम् यदि वर्षाधिपो ऽहं स्यां ततो यास्यामि देवताः
“Thus addressed by the gods, the preceptor of the gods said: ‘If I should become the lord of the year, then I shall go, O deities.’
Verse 8
आषाढे मासि मार्गर्क्षे चन्द्रक्षयतिथिर्हि या तस्यां पुरन्दरः प्रीतः पिण्डं पितृषु भक्तितः
In the month of Āṣāḍha, under the lunar asterism called Mārga, on the tithi known as “candrakṣaya” (the moon’s decrease), on that occasion Purandara (Indra) is pleased when a piṇḍa-offering is made to the Pitṛs with devotion.
Verse 9
प्रादात् तिलमधून्मिश्रं हविष्यान्नं कुरुष्वथ ततः प्रीतास्तु पितरस्तां प्राहुस्तनयां निजाम
He offered haviṣya-food mixed with sesame and honey. Then the Pitṛs, being pleased, declared her to be his own daughter.
Verse 10
मेनां देवाश्च शैलाय हिमयुक्ताय वै ददुः तां मेनां हिमवांल्लब्ध्वा प्रसादाद् दैवतेष्वथ प्रीतिमानभवच्चासौ रराम च यथेच्छया
The gods gave Menā to the snow-clad mountain Himavat. Having obtained Menā through the gods’ favor, Himavat became joyful and sported with her as he wished.
Verse 11
ततो हिमाद्रिः पितृकन्यया समं समर्पयन् वै विषयान् यथैष्टम् अजीजनत् सा तनयाश्च तिस्रो रूपातियुक्ताः सुरयोषितोपमाः
Then Himādri (Himavat), together with the Pitṛ-born maiden (Menā), enjoyed the objects of sense as desired; and she bore three daughters, exceedingly beautiful, comparable to celestial maidens.
Frequently Asked Questions
The chapter uses the honorific Devadeva while also identifying the speaker as Murāri (a Viṣṇu epithet), a Purāṇic strategy that normalizes shared divine sovereignty and ritual authority across sectarian vocabularies, even as the narrative remains focused on tīrtha and śrāddha praxis.
Pṛthūdaka in Kurukṣetra is presented as a mahātīrtha whose bath removes pāpa and fear; its efficacy is heightened when performed at the prācī Sarasvatī, where pitṛ-ārādhana through śrāddha is explicitly prescribed, making the site a ritual node in the Sarasvatī-basin pilgrimage map.
No. The passage functions primarily as a Kurukṣetra tīrtha-māhātmya and a pitṛ-ritual calendar note (Akṣayā tithi), followed by a genealogical-etiological account (Indra’s offering leading to Menā and Himavān’s progeny), rather than the Bali–Vāmana conflict sequence.