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Vamana Purana — Manifestation of Katyayani, Shloka 3

The Manifestation of Katyayani (Durga) and the Humbling of the Vindhya by Agastya

Devanagari script

प्रभो ऽश्विसूर्येन्द्वनिलाग्निवेधसां जलेशशक्रादिषु चाधिकारान् आक्रम्य नाकात्तु निराकृता वयं कृतावनिस्था महिषासुरेण

Transliteration

prabho 'śvisūryendvanilāgnivedhasāṃ jaleśaśakrādiṣu cādhikārān ākramya nākāttu nirākṛtā vayaṃ kṛtāvanisthā mahiṣāsureṇa

Translation

O Lord, Mahīṣāsura, having seized the offices and authorities of the Aśvins, the Sun, the Moon, Vāyu, Agni, the Creator (Brahmā), Varuṇa, Indra, and the rest, has expelled us from heaven; we have been cast down and made to dwell upon the earth.

Word by Word
प्रभोO Lord
प्रभो:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootprabhu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन
अश्वि-सूर्य-इन्द्र-अनिल-अग्नि-वेधसाम्of the Aśvins, Sūrya, Indra, Vāyu, Agni, and Brahmā
अश्वि-सूर्य-इन्द्र-अनिल-अग्नि-वेधसाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootaśvin (प्रातिपदिक) + sūrya (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक) + anila (प्रातिपदिक) + agni (प्रातिपदिक) + vedhas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व-समाहार/इतरेतर (list) in genitive plural
जलेश-शक्र-आदिṣuamong Varuṇa, Indra, and others
जलेश-शक्र-आदिṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootjaleśa (प्रातिपदिक) + śakra (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘जलेशशक्रादयः’ (Varuṇa, Indra, etc.)
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चय
अधिकारान्offices, authorities
अधिकारान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootadhikāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
आक्रम्यhaving usurped
आक्रम्य:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√kram (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्यय; ‘having seized/attacked’
नाकात्from heaven
नाकात्:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootnāka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (5th/Ablative), एकवचन
तुindeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, विशेष/विरोध
निराकृताःwere expelled
निराकृताः:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootnir-ā-√kṛ (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘cast out/expelled’
वयम्we
वयम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तम-पुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
कृत-अवनिस्थाःmade to dwell on earth
कृत-अवनिस्थाः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṛta (प्रातिपदिक) + avani-stha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘अवनौ स्थाः कृताः’ (made to stay on earth)
महिषासुरेणby Mahīṣāsura
महिषासुरेण:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootmahiṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + asura (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘महिषः असुरः’ (the buffalo-demon)
Speakers
Devas (collectively) addressing Hari and Hara (Vishnu and Shiva) for refuge (implied by following verses)
Primary Deities
Vishnu (Hari/Murāri)Shiva (Śaṅkara, implied in the scene)Indra (Śakra)Varuṇa (Jaleśa)Brahmā (Vedhas)AgniVāyuSūryaCandra (Indu)Aśvins
Key Themes
Daitya-Deva ConflictRefuge (Śaraṇāgati)Cosmic governance (adhikāra/usurped offices)Sectarian Harmony (Hari with Śaṅkara in the narrative frame)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

When adharma disrupts cosmic order, the devas themselves model humility and śaraṇāgati (seeking refuge) rather than pride in office. Authority (adhikāra) is presented as a trust aligned with dharma, not a permanent possession.

Primarily Vamśānucarita/Carita-type narrative material (accounts of divine and demonic actors shaping world-order), with an implicit concern for the maintenance of sarga-order (cosmic administration) when it is violated.

Mahīṣāsura’s seizure of multiple ‘offices’ symbolizes egoic appropriation of cosmic functions—turning the ordered plurality of powers into tyranny. The devas’ fall to earth signifies the collapse of higher discernment when dharma is eclipsed.

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