The Structure of Jambudvipa: Nine Varshas, Navadvipa Bharata, Mountains, Rivers, and Peoples
जातुषा मूषिकादाश्च कुमारादा महाशकाः महाराष्ट्रा माहिषिकाः कालिङ्गाश्चैव सर्वशः
jātuṣā mūṣikādāśca kumārādā mahāśakāḥ mahārāṣṭrā māhiṣikāḥ kāliṅgāścaiva sarvaśaḥ
Also (are) the Jātuṣas, the Mūṣikādas, the Kumārādas, and the great Śakas; the Mahārāṣṭras, the Māhiṣikas, and the Kāliṅgas—altogether, all of them.
{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }
The catalog underscores inclusivity of the Purāṇic worldview: diverse groups—local and transregional (e.g., Śakas)—are integrated into a single civilizational mapping.
Geographical and ethnonym lists typically appear as supporting material within Vaṃśānucarita/Manvantara narratives, helping situate lineages and dharmic order in a concrete world.
Naming both ‘insider’ regions (Mahārāṣṭra, Kāliṅga) and ‘outsider’ groups (Śakas) symbolically affirms that cosmic order (ṛta/dharma) encompasses all peoples, not merely a single locality.