Shloka 52

Dietary Rules & Purification — Dietary Rules, Purification (Śauca), and the Duties of the Householder and Forest-Dweller

Devanagari script

अध्येतव्या त्रयी नित्यं भाव्यं च विदुषा सदा धर्मतो धनमाहार्यं यष्टव्यं चापि शक्तितः

Transliteration

adhyetavyā trayī nityaṃ bhāvyaṃ ca viduṣā sadā dharmato dhanamāhāryaṃ yaṣṭavyaṃ cāpi śaktitaḥ

Translation

The three Vedas (trayi) should be studied daily, and the learned should always cultivate reflection. Wealth should be acquired through dharma, and sacrifice (yajña) should be performed according to one’s capacity.

Word by Word

• adhyetavyā: should be studied
• adhyetavyā: Vidhi (विधि)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: adhi-√i (धातु) + adhyetavya (कृदन्त)
• Form: तव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (fem.), प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.), विधेय; कर्तृ-लोपे कर्मणि प्रयोगः (to be studied)

• trayī: the Vedic triad (three Vedas)
• trayī: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: trayī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.)

• nityam: always
• nityam: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाववत् क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial accusative)

• bhāvyam: should be cultivated/practised
• bhāvyam: Vidhi (विधि)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √bhū (धातु) + bhāvya (कृदन्त)
• Form: यत्/तव्यत्-अर्थे (fit to be/should be), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.), विधेय

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• viduṣā: by the learned (person)
• viduṣā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vidvas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया एकवचन (Instr. sg.), कर्तृवाचक (by the learned man)

• sadā: always
• sadā: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)

• dharmataḥ: righteously/according to dharma
• dharmataḥ: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb), अर्थः: धर्मेण/धर्मात् (according to/from dharma)

• dhanam: wealth
• dhanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc. sg.)

• āhāryam: should be acquired
• āhāryam: Vidhi (विधि)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ā-√hṛ (धातु) + āhārya (कृदन्त)
• Form: यत्/तव्यत्-अर्थे (to be procured), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.), विधेय

• yaṣṭavyam: should be sacrificed/worshipped
• yaṣṭavyam: Vidhi (विधि)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √yaj (धातु) + yaṣṭavya (कृदन्त)
• Form: तव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.), विधेय

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक

• api: also
• api: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अपि = also/even (particle)

• śaktitaḥ: according to one’s capacity
• śaktitaḥ: Prakara (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śakti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb), अर्थः: शक्त्यानुसारम् (according to ability)

Speakers

• Not specified in input (commonly Purāṇic instruction within Pulastya → Nārada frame)

Key Themes

• Veda (trayī) study
• Dharma-based livelihood
• Yajña/ritual performance
• Ethical discipline

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "vira", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

A balanced dharmic life integrates knowledge (Veda-study), inner cultivation (bhāvanā/reflection), righteous means of wealth, and worship/ritual proportional to one’s means—avoiding both neglect and pretension.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

Falls under Purāṇic dharma-upadeśa (normative teaching). While Pancalakṣaṇa focuses on cosmology and lineages, Purāṇas routinely embed such ācāra passages as practical application of dharma sustaining society.

What is the symbolic significance?

‘Trayī + dharmārtha + yajña’ forms a triad of head–hands–heart: right understanding, right livelihood, and right offering—suggesting harmony of knowledge, action, and consecration.