Vamana Purana — Caturmasya Observances, Shloka 28

The Cāturmāsya Observances and the Sleeping–Awakening Cycle of the Gods (Hari–Hara Worship)

Devanagari script

तेनासौ दीप्तिमांश्चन्द्रः परिभूय दिवाकरम् अस्माकमानन्दकरो दिवा तपति सूर्यवत्

Transliteration

tenāsau dīptimāṃścandraḥ paribhūya divākaram asmākamānandakaro divā tapati sūryavat

Translation

Therefore that radiant Moon, surpassing the Sun, becomes a giver of joy to us; by day it blazes like the Sun.

Word by Word

• tena: by that / thereby
• tena: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• asau: that (one), he
• asau: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adas (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• dīptimān: radiant, luminous
• dīptimān: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dīpti-mant (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular), विशेषण (qualifying ‘candraḥ’)

• candraḥ: the moon
• candraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: candra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• paribhūya: having surpassed
• paribhūya: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया/Absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari-√bhū (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund): ‘परिभूय’ = having surpassed/overpowered

• divākaram: the sun (day-maker)
• divākaram: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: divākara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (divā + kara ‘maker of day’); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• asmākam: of us/our
• asmākam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचनार्थ (plural sense)

• ānandakaraḥ: bringing joy
• ānandakaraḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ānanda (प्रातिपदिक) + kara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (object relation: ‘आनन्दं करोति’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular), विशेषण (qualifying ‘candraḥ’)

• divā: by day, in daytime
• divā: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time locus)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: divā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb of time)

• tapati: shines/burns
• tapati: Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √tap (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• sūryavat: like the sun
• sūryavat: Upamana (उपमान/Standard of comparison)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sūrya (प्रातिपदिक) + vat (तद्धित)
• Form: अव्यय (वत्-प्रत्ययान्त, adverbial comparison)

Speakers

• Unnamed narratorial voice continuing reported interpretation; larger frame traditionally Pulastya–Nārada (not explicit in given verses)

Primary Deities

• Vishnu (implicit as worshiped deity)
• Candra (Moon)
• Sūrya (Sun)

Key Themes

• Vaishnavism
• Phalaśruti (fruit of worship)
• Cosmic symbolism
• Joy (ānanda) as devotional outcome

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Devotion is portrayed as yielding not only personal benefit but also ‘ānanda’ for the world—suggesting that spiritual attainment naturally becomes beneficent and life-sustaining to others.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

Sarga-adjacent cosmological framing (talk of luminaries and their powers) presented through an anucarita-style moral causality: worship → splendor → cosmic function.

What is the symbolic significance?

The Moon ‘surpassing’ the Sun is a poetic reversal to stress that divine grace can elevate beyond expected hierarchies; ‘daytime blazing’ signifies extraordinary empowerment (tejas) granted by Viṣṇu-bhakti.