
Pitryajna and ancestral rites.
Mantra 1
ऋचं॒ वाचं॒ प्र प॑द्ये॒ मनो॒ यजु॒: प्र प॑द्ये॒ साम॑ प्रा॒णं प्र प॑द्ये॒ चक्षु॒: श्रोत्रं॒ प्र प॑द्ये । वागोज॑: स॒हौजो॒ मयि॑ प्राणापा॒नौ
Unto Ṛc and Speech I betake me; unto Mind and Yajus I betake me; unto Sāman and Breath I betake me; unto Eye and Ear I betake me. May the vigour of speech, the vigour of strength, and the in-breath and out-breath be in me.
Mantra 2
यन्मे॑ छि॒द्रं चक्षु॑षो॒ हृद॑यस्य॒ मन॑सो॒ वाति॑तृण्णं॒ बृह॒स्पति॑र्मे॒ तद्द॑धातु । शं नो॑ भवतु॒ भुव॑नस्य॒ यस्पति॑:
What flaw there is in mine eye, in heart, in mind—what is wind-pierced and disordered—let Bṛhaspati set that in me aright. May he, the lord of the world, be welfare unto us.
Mantra 3
भूर्भुव॒: स्व॒: तत्स॑वि॒तुर्वरे॑ण्यं॒ भर्गो॑ दे॒वस्य॑ धीमहि । धियो॒ यो न॑: प्रचो॒दया॑त्
Earth, air, and heaven: that most excellent splendour of Savitṛ the god we contemplate; may he impel forward our thoughts.
Mantra 4
कया॑ नश्चि॒त्र आ भु॑वदू॒ती स॒दावृ॑ध॒: सखा॑ । कया॒ शचि॑ष्ठया वृ॒ता
By what means shall the wondrous Friend, the ever-increasing one, come to us with help? By what most efficacious power is he to be chosen?
Mantra 5
कस्त्वा॑ स॒त्यो मदा॑नां॒ मᳪहि॑ष्ठो मत्स॒दन्ध॑सः । दृ॒ढा चि॑दा॒रुजे॒ वसु॑
Who, true one, most bountiful amid the exhilarations, rejoicing in the Soma-draught, will rend even firm things for wealth?
Mantra 6
अ॒भी षु ण॒: सखी॑नामवि॒ता ज॑रितॄ॒णाम् । श॒तं भ॑वास्यू॒तिभि॑:
Be thou our protector in the company of friends, the guardian of the praisers; with a hundred helps be thou present.
Mantra 7
कया॒ त्वं न ऊ॒त्याभि प्र म॑न्दसे वृषन् । कया॑ स्तो॒तृभ्य॒ आ भ॑र
By what helps dost thou rejoice for us, O Bull? By what means bring hither (thy boon) unto the praisers.
Mantra 8
इन्द्रो॒ विश्व॑स्य राजति । शं नो॑ अस्तु द्वि॒पदे॒ शं चतु॑ष्पदे
Indra ruleth over all; may welfare be ours—welfare for the two-footed, welfare for the four-footed.
Mantra 9
शं नो॑ मि॒त्र: शं वरु॑ण॒: शं नो॑ भवत्वर्य॒मा । शं न॒ इन्द्रो॒ बृह॒स्पति॒: शं नो॒ विष्णु॑रुरुक्र॒मः
May Mitra be welfare unto us, may Varuṇa be welfare; may Aryaman bring us welfare. May Indra and Bṛhaspati be welfare unto us; may Viṣṇu of the wide stride be welfare unto us.
Mantra 10
शं नो॒ वात॑: पवता॒ᳪ शं न॑स्तपतु॒ सूर्य॑: । शं न॒: कनि॑क्रदद्दे॒वः प॒र्जन्यो॑ अ॒भि व॑र्षतु
May the Wind blow welfare unto us; may the Sun warm us with welfare. May the god Parjanya, thundering, rain auspiciously upon us.
Mantra 11
अहा॑नि॒ शं भव॑न्तु न॒: शᳪ रात्री॒: प्रति॑ धीयताम् । शं न॑ इन्द्रा॒ग्नी भ॑वता॒मवो॑भि॒: शं न॒ इन्द्रा॒वरु॑णा रा॒तह॑व्या । शं न॑ इन्द्रापू॒षणा॒ वाज॑सातौ॒ शमिन्द्रा॒सोमा॑ सुवि॒ताय॒ शं योः
May days be welfare unto us; and nights be duly set for our welfare. May Indra and Agni be welfare unto us with their succours; may Indra and Varuṇa, receivers of oblation, be welfare unto us. May Indra and Pūṣan be welfare unto us in the winning of strength; may Indra and Soma be welfare for good guidance—welfare and well-being.
Mantra 12
शं नो॑ दे॒वीर॒भिष्ट॑य॒ आपो॑ भवन्तु पी॒तये॑ । शं योर॒भि स्र॑वन्तु नः
May the divine Waters, our desired helpers, be welfare unto us for drinking; may they flow unto us with welfare and with well-being.
Mantra 13
स्यो॒ना पृ॑थिवि नो भवानृक्ष॒रा नि॒वेश॑नी । यच्छा॑ न॒: शर्म॑ स॒प्रथा॑:
Be thou for us, O Earth, kindly and unharming, a place of settling and of rest; vouchsafe unto us shelter, wide and far-extended.
Mantra 14
आपो॒ हि ष्ठा म॑यो॒भुव॒स्ता न॑ ऊ॒र्जे द॑धातन । म॒हे रणा॑य॒ चक्ष॑से
For ye are waters, sources of delight; therefore bestow on us nourishment—great, for triumph in the contest, and for clear seeing.
Mantra 15
यो व॑: शि॒वत॑मो॒ रस॒स्तस्य॑ भाजयते॒ह न॑: । उ॒श॒तीरि॑व मा॒तर॑:
That most auspicious essence which is in you—thereof make us here partakers, O Mothers, as affectionate women (give to their own).
Mantra 16
तस्मा॒ अरं॑ गमाम वो॒ यस्य॒ क्षया॑य॒ जिन्व॑थ । आपो॑ ज॒नय॑था च नः
To that (blessing) of yours may we duly attain—whereby ye quicken for settled dwelling; and, O Waters, whereby ye also beget for us (offspring and increase).
Mantra 17
द्यौ: शान्ति॑र॒न्तरि॑क्ष॒ᳪ शान्ति॑: पृथि॒वी शान्ति॒राप॒: शान्ति॒रोष॑धय॒: शान्ति॑: । वन॒स्पत॑य॒: शान्ति॒र्विश्वे॑ दे॒वाः शान्ति॒र्ब्रह्म॒ शान्ति॒: सर्व॒ᳪ शान्ति॒: शान्ति॑रे॒व शान्ति॒: सा मा॒ शान्ति॑रेधि
Peace be in heaven; peace in the mid-air; peace on earth; peace in the waters; peace in the plants; peace in the trees of the forest. Peace be among all the gods; peace be in Brahman; peace be in all; peace, yea peace: may that peace be unto me.
Mantra 18
दृते॒ दृᳪह॑ मा मि॒त्रस्य॑ मा॒ चक्षु॑षा॒ सर्वा॑णि भू॒तानि॒ समी॑क्षन्ताम् । मि॒त्रस्या॒हं चक्षु॑षा॒ सर्वा॑णि भू॒तानि॒ समी॑क्षे । मि॒त्रस्य॒ चक्षु॑षा॒ समी॑क्षामहे
O Steadfast One, make me firm: with Mitra’s eye let all beings look upon me. With Mitra’s eye do I behold all beings; with Mitra’s eye do we behold.
Mantra 19
दृते॒ दृᳪह॑ मा । ज्योक्ते॑ स॒न्दृशि॑ जीव्यासं॒ ज्योक्ते॑ स॒न्दृशि॑ जीव्यासम्
O Steadfast One, make me firm. In light, in fair visibility, may I live; in light, in fair visibility, may I live.
Mantra 20
नम॑स्ते॒ हर॑से शो॒चिषे॒ नम॑स्ते अस्त्व॒र्चिषे॑ । अ॒न्याँस्ते॑ अ॒स्मत्त॑पन्तु हे॒तय॑: पाव॒को अ॒स्मभ्य॑ᳪ शि॒वो भ॑व
Homage be unto thee, O tawny one, unto thy blaze; homage be unto thee, unto thy flame. Let thy missiles burn others than us; O Purifier, be thou gracious unto us.
Mantra 21
नम॑स्ते अस्तु वि॒द्युते॒ नम॑स्ते स्तनयि॒त्नवे॑ । नम॑स्ते भगवन्नस्तु॒ यत॒: स्व॒: स॒मीह॑से
Homage be unto thee, O Lightning; homage be unto thee, O Thunderer. Homage be unto thee, O Lord, from whence thou strivest toward heaven.
Mantra 22
यतो॑-यतः स॒मीह॑से॒ ततो॑ नो॒ अभ॑यं कुरु । शं न॑: कुरु प्र॒जाभ्योऽभ॑यं नः प॒शुभ्य॑:
From whatsoever quarter thou strivest hither, from thence do thou make safety for us. Make welfare for us—safety for our offspring, safety for our cattle.
Mantra 23
सु॒मि॒त्रि॒या न॒ आप॒ ओष॑धयः सन्तु दुर्मित्रि॒यास्तस्मै॑ सन्तु॒ यो॒ऽस्मान् द्वेष्टि॒ यं च॑ व॒यं द्वि॒ष्मः
May the Waters and the Plants be of kindly friendship unto us; but of evil friendship be they unto him who hateth us, and whom we, in turn, do hate.
Mantra 24
तच्चक्षु॑र्दे॒वहि॑तं पु॒रस्ता॑च्छु॒क्रमुच्च॑रत् । पश्ये॑म श॒रद॑ः श॒तं जीवे॑म श॒रद॑ः श॒तᳪ शृणु॑याम श॒रद॑ः श॒तं प्र ब्र॑वाम श॒रद॑ः श॒तमदी॑नाः स्याम श॒रद॑ः श॒तं भूय॑श्च श॒रद॑ः श॒तात्
That Eye, god-ordained, hath risen in the east, the bright one. May we behold a hundred autumns; may we live a hundred autumns; may we hear a hundred autumns; may we speak forth a hundred autumns; may we be unbroken for a hundred autumns—yea, and beyond a hundred autumns.
Because mortuary rites require a protected field: time, directions, elements, and intention must be brought into ṛta so the transition is fear-free (abhaya) and welfare-producing (śam) for both community and departed.
It consecrates the rite by invoking Savitṛ’s radiance as guiding clarity—aligning speech, breath, and mind toward auspicious, correctly oriented action.
They are not merely described but ritually harmonized: waters are sanctified for support and drinking, and weather/storm powers are saluted and pacified so they become protective rather than disruptive to the rite.