Mantra 1
Sukta 8.12
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Gayatri (likely; needs confirmation by metrical count)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
य इन्द्र सोमपातमो मदः शविष्ठ चेतति । येना हंसि न्यत्रिणं तमीमहे ॥
Samhita Patha (IAST)
य इ॑न्द्र सोम॒पात॑मो॒ मद॑: शविष्ठ॒ चेत॑ति । येना॒ हंसि॒ न्य१॒॑त्रिणं॒ तमी॑महे ॥
Transliteration
yá índra soma-pā́tamo mádaḥ śaviṣṭha cétati | yéna haṃ́si ní atríṇaṃ tám īmahe ||
Translation
That ecstasy, O Indra—most perfect in the drinking of Soma—by which, O most puissant, your consciousness is kindled, and by which you strike down and cast away the devourer of light: that very power of yours we seek.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
यः । इ॒न्द्र॒ । सो॒म॒ऽपात॑मः । मदः॑ । श॒वि॒ष्ठ॒ । चेत॑ति । येन॑ । हंसि॑ । नि । अ॒त्रिण॑म् । तम् । ई॒म॒हे॒ ॥यः । इन्द्र । सोमपातमः । मदः । शविष्ठ । चेतति । येन । हंसि । नि । अत्रिणम् । तम् । ईमहे ॥yaḥ | indra | soma-pātamaḥ | madaḥ | śaviṣṭha | cetati | yena | haṃsi | ni | atriṇam | tam | īmahe
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
(Address)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सोमपातमःmost Soma-drinking (best Soma-drinker)
सोमपातमः:
(Address; qualifier of इन्द्र)
TypeAdjective (superlative epithet)
Rootसोमपातम (प्रातिपदिक; सोम-पा ‘Soma-drinker’ + -तम superl.)
मदःthe exhilaration/rapture (intoxication)
मदः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमद (प्रातिपदिक)
शविष्ठO most mighty
शविष्ठ:
(Address; qualifier of इन्द्र)
TypeAdjective (superlative epithet)
Rootशविष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; superl. of शु/शव ‘strong, mighty’)
चेततिis perceived / becomes manifest / is aware
चेतति:
Kriyā (predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootचित् (धातु) ‘to perceive, be aware; to appear/shine’
येनby which (whereby)
येन:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हंसिyou slay
हंसि:
Kriyā (predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु) ‘to strike, slay’
निअत्रिणम्the Atrin (hostile being), down/away
निअत्रिणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअत्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘devourer/demon; hostile being’
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ईमहेwe worship/praise (indeed)
ईमहे:
Kriyā (predicate)
TypeVerb (with particle)
Rootईम् (अव्यय ‘indeed/just’) + मह्/महि (धातु) ‘to honor, worship, praise’