Rig Veda 1.49.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 49, Mantra 4

Sukta 1.49

Rishi: Kaṇva (family tradition; hymn attributed to Kāṇvas, with Praskaṇva prominent in this sequence)

Devata: Uṣas (Dawn)

Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable for RV 1.49; verse-level metrical confirmation recommended)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

व्युच्छन्ती हि रश्मिभिर्विश्वमाभासि रोचनम् । तां त्वामुषर्वसूयवो गीर्भिः कण्वा अहूषत ॥

Transliteration

vyucchántī hí raśmíbhir víśvam ābhā́si rocanám | tā́ṃ tvām uṣar vasūyávo gī́rbhiḥ kaṇvā́ ahūṣata ||

Translation

For as you rise and break forth with your rays, you illumine all the shining world. Therefore the Kaṇvas, seekers of the true riches, have called you with their inspired words, O Dawn.

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Word by Word

• व्युच्छन्ती: shining forth, dawning
• व्युच्छन्ती: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण ‘उषाः’/‘सा’ इत्यस्य)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: वि-उच्छ् (उच्छति) / उषस्- (कृदन्ताधार)

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• रश्मिभिः: with rays
• रश्मिभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: रश्मि

• विश्वम्: all, the whole (world)
• विश्वम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व

• आभासि: you shine forth, you illumine
• आभासि: क्रिया (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-भा (भाति)

• रोचनम्: the bright realm, the luminous space
• रोचनम्: कर्म (आभासि इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोचन

• ताम्: her
• ताम्: कर्म (अहूषत इत्यस्य)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: कर्म (अहूषत इत्यस्य)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• उषः: O Dawn
• उषः: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: उषस्

• वसूयवः: wealth-seeking (men)
• वसूयवः: कर्तृ (अहूषत इत्यस्य)
• Type: Adjective (used as noun)
• Root: वसूयु

• गीर्भिः: with songs, with hymns
• गीर्भिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: गीर्

• कण्वाः: the Kaṇvas
• कण्वाः: कर्तृ (वसूयवः इत्यस्य विशेषण/अप्पोजिशन)
• Type: Noun (proper/tribal name)
• Root: कण्व

• अहूषत: they called, invoked
• अहूषत: क्रिया (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हू (ह्वयति/आह्वयति)