Prakarana 33
त्याग-धर्म की देहरी: राज-सुख और लोक-मान की परिधि से हटकर ‘राम-आज्ञा’ को सर्वोच्च मानना। यह सोपान साधक को ‘वैराग्य-युक्त कर्तव्य’ सिखाता है—जहाँ वियोग (बिरह) भाव को भक्ति का ईंधन बनाकर, राज्य-धर्म भी सेवा-धर्म में परिणत होता है (भरत का पादुका-राज्य)।
The chief rasa of the Ayodhyā Kāṇḍa is karuṇā-viraha, yet it does not halt in grief; it matures into resolve in dharma and into bhakti-tinged renunciation. In this passage—Sītā’s obeisance to her mothers-in-law, the family’s parting, and then Bharata’s “rule of the sandals” at Nandigrām—“worldly duty” is dissolved into “Rāma’s dharma.” Here Tulsī fashions an ideal of renunciation even while using royal power as an instrument: Bharata’s governance is nirupādhi—free of self-serving conditions. Alongside compassion, śānta-rasa rises, for separation purifies the mind and turns it toward discipline, fasting, and self-restraint. Thus this step teaches the seeker that before God’s command, personal claims, enjoyment, and prestige are secondary—and that service is the practical ground of the path to liberation.
Verses
Chaupai 320.1-4
परिजन मातु पितहि मिलि सीता।फिरी प्रानप्रिय प्रेम पुनीता।।
करि प्रनामु भेंटी सब सासू।प्रीति कहत कबि हियँ न हुलासू।।
सुनि सिख अभिमत आसिष पाई।रही सीय दुहु प्रीति समाई।।
रघुपति पटु पालकीं मगाईं।करि प्रबोधु सब मातु चढ़ाई।।
बार बार हिलि मिलि दुहु भाई।सम सनेहँ जननी पहुँचाई।।
साजि बाजि गज बाहन नाना।भरत भूप दल कीन्ह पयाना।।
हृदयँ रामु सिय लखन समेता।चले जाहिं सब लोग अचेता।।
बसह बाजि गज पसु हियँ हारें।चले जाहिं परबस मन मारें।।
parijana mātu pitahi mili sītā |phirī prānapriya prema punītā ||
kari pranāmu bheṇṭī saba sāsū |prīti kahata kavi hiyaṃ na hulāsū ||
suni sikha abhimata āsiṣa pāī |rahī sīya duhu prīti samāī ||
raghupati paṭu pālakīṃ magāīṃ |kari prabodhu saba mātu caṛhāī ||
bāra bāra hili mili duhu bhāī |sama sanehaṃ jananī pahuṃcāī ||
sāji bāji gaja bāhana nānā |bharata bhūpa dala kīnha payānā ||
hṛdayaṃ rāmu siya lakhana sametā |cale jāhiṃ saba loga acetā ||
basaha bāji gaja pasu hiyaṃ hāre |cale jāhiṃ parabasa mana māre ||
Having met her household and her mother and father, Sita, dear to Rama as his very life, turned back, pure in her love. She bowed and embraced all her mothers-in-law; the poet's heart feels no courage to speak of such love. Having heard their counsel and received the blessing she desired, Sita stood, filled with love for both families. The Lord of the Raghus had splendid palanquins brought; he comforted all the mothers and seated them in them. Again and again the two brothers embraced them warmly, and with equal affection saw their mothers on their way. Having made ready horses, elephants and many kinds of conveyances, Bharata and the king set the host on its march. With Rama, Sita and Lakshmana in their hearts, all the people went along, bereft of their senses. The bullocks, horses, elephants and other beasts, heartsick, went along helplessly, with their spirits crushed.
Doha 320
गुर गुरतिय पद बंदि प्रभु सीता लखन समेत।फिरे हरष बिसमय सहित आए परन निकेत।।320।।
guru guratiya pada bandi prabhu sītā lakhana sameta |phire haraṣa bisamaya sahita āe parana niketa ||320||
Having bowed at the feet of the guru and the guru's wife, the Lord, together with Sita and Lakshmana, turned back, and came to their hut of leaves with mingled joy and wonder.
Chaupai 321.1-4
बिदा कीन्ह सनमानि निषादू।चलेउ हृदयँ बड़ बिरह बिषादू।।
कोल किरात भिल्ल बनचारी।फेरे फिरे जोहारि जोहारी।।
प्रभु सिय लखन बैठि बट छाहीं।प्रिय परिजन बियोग बिलखाहीं।।
भरत सनेह सुभाउ सुबानी।प्रिया अनुज सन कहत बखानी।।
प्रीति प्रतीति बचन मन करनी।श्रीमुख राम प्रेम बस बरनी।।
तेहि अवसर खग मृग जल मीना।चित्रकूट चर अचर मलीना।।
बिबुध बिलोकि दसा रघुबर की।बरषि सुमन कहि गति घर घर की।।
प्रभु प्रनामु करि दीन्ह भरोसो।चले मुदित मन डर न खरो सो।।
bidā kīnha sanamāni niṣādū |caleu hṛdayã baṛa biraha biṣādū ||
kola kirāta bhilla banacārī |phere phire johāri johārī ||
prabhu siya lakhana baiṭhi baṭa chāhīṁ |priya parijana biyoga bilakhāhīṁ ||
bharata saneha subhāu subānī |priyā anuja sana kahata bakhānī ||
prīti pratīti bacana mana karanī |śrīmukha rāma prema basa baranī ||
tehi avasara khaga mṛga jala mīnā |citrakūṭa cara acara malīnā ||
bibudha biloki dasā raghubara kī |baraṣi sumana kahi gati ghara ghara kī ||
prabhu pranāmu kari dīnha bharoso |cale mudita mana ḍara na kharo so ||
Rama honored the Nishada and gave him leave to depart, and he went away with a deep sorrow of separation in his heart. The Kols, Kirats, Bhils and other forest-dwellers were sent back, and they turned back again and again, saluting him each time. The Lord, Sita and Lakshmana sat in the shade of the banyan tree, grieving at the parting from their dear companions. He spoke at length to his beloved and his younger brother of Bharata's love, his nature and his gentle speech. Overcome by love, Rama described with his own blessed mouth Bharata's affection and faith, in word, in mind and in deed. At that time the birds, the deer and the fish of the waters, and all things moving and unmoving at Chitrakuta, were dejected. The gods, seeing the plight of Rama, the best of the Raghus, rained down flowers and told of the state of affairs in each of their own homes. The Lord bowed to them and gave them assurance, and they went away glad at heart, with not so much as a particle of fear.
Doha 321
सानुज सीय समेत प्रभु राजत परन कुटीर।भगति ग्यानु बैराग्य जनु सोहत धरें सरीर।।321।।
sānuja sīya sameta prabhu rājata parana kuṭīra |bhagati gyānu bairāgya janu sohata dhareṁ sarīra ||321||
The Lord, with his younger brother and Sita, shone in the hut of leaves, as if Devotion, Knowledge and Dispassion had taken bodily form and were radiant there.
Chaupai 322.1-4
मुनि महिसुर गुर भरत भुआलू।राम बिरहँ सबु साजु बिहालू।।
प्रभु गुन ग्राम गनत मन माहीं।सब चुपचाप चले मग जाहीं।।
जमुना उतरि पार सबु भयऊ।सो बासरु बिनु भोजन गयऊ।।
उतरि देवसरि दूसर बासू।रामसखाँ सब कीन्ह सुपासू।।
सई उतरि गोमतीं नहाए।चौथें दिवस अवधपुर आए।।
जनकु रहे पुर बासर चारी।राज काज सब साज सँभारी।।
सौंपि सचिव गुर भरतहि राजू।तेरहुति चले साजि सबु साजू।।
नगर नारि नर गुर सिख मानी।बसे सुखेन राम रजधानी।।
muni mahisura gura bharata bhuālū |rāma birahã sabu sāju bihālū ||
prabhu guna grāma ganata mana māhīṁ |saba cupacāpa cale maga jāhīṁ ||
jamunā utari pāra sabu bhayaū |so bāsaru binu bhojana gayaū ||
utari devasari dūsara bāsū |rāmasakhā̃ saba kīnha supāsū ||
saī utari gomatīṁ nahāe |cautheṁ divasa avadhapura āe ||
janaku rahe pura bāsara cārī |rāja kāja saba sāja sãbhārī ||
sauṁpi saciva gura bharatahi rājū |terahuti cale sāji sabu sājū ||
nagara nāri nara gura sikha mānī |base sukhena rāma rajadhānī ||
The sage Vasishtha, the Brahmans, the guru, Bharata and the king (Janaka), and the whole company, were stricken with grief at being parted from Rama. Counting over the Lord's virtues in their minds, they all went along the road in silence. They all crossed over the Yamuna, and that day passed without any food. Crossing the river of the gods, the Ganges, they made their second halt, and Rama's friend made every comfortable arrangement for them. Crossing the Sai, they bathed in the Gomati, and on the fourth day they reached the city of Ayodhya. Janaka stayed in the city four days, putting all the affairs of the kingdom in order. Entrusting the kingdom to the minister, the guru and Bharata, he made ready all his retinue and set out for Tirhut. The men and women of the city obeyed the guru's counsel and lived in peace in Rama's capital.
Doha 322
राम दरस लगि लोग सब करत नेम उपबास।तजि तजि भूषन भोग सुख जिअत अवधि कीं आस।।322।।
rāma darasa lagi loga saba karata nema upabāsa |taji taji bhūṣana bhoga sukha jiata avadhi kīṁ āsa ||322||
All the people, longing for a sight of Rama, kept vows and fasts; giving up ornaments, enjoyments and comforts one after another, they lived on only in the hope of the appointed term.
Chaupai 323.1-4
सचिव सुसेवक भरत प्रबोधे।निज निज काज पाइ पाइ सिख ओधे।।
पुनि सिख दीन्ह बोलि लघु भाई।सौंपी सकल मातु सेवकाई।।
भूसुर बोलि भरत कर जोरे।करि प्रनाम बय बिनय निहोरे।।
ऊँच नीच कारजु भल पोचू।आयसु देब न करब सँकोचू।।
परिजन पुरजन प्रजा बोलाए।समाधानु करि सुबस बसाए।।
सानुज गे गुर गेहँ बहोरी।करि दंडवत कहत कर जोरी।।
आयसु होइ त रहौं सनेमा।बोले मुनि तन पुलकि सपेमा।।
समुझव कहब करब तुम्ह जोई।धरम सारु जग होइहि सोई।।
saciva susevaka bharata prabodhe |nija nija kāja pāi pāi sikha odhe ||
puni sikha dīnha boli laghu bhāī |sauṁpī sakala mātu sevakāī ||
bhūsura boli bharata kara jore |kari pranāma baya binaya nihore ||
ū̃ca nīca kāraju bhala pocū |āyasu deba na karaba sãkocū ||
parijana purajana prajā bolāe |samādhānu kari subasa basāe ||
sānuja ge gura gehã bahorī |kari daṁḍavata kahata kara jorī ||
āyasu hoi ta rahauṁ sanemā |bole muni tana pulaki sapemā ||
samujhava kahaba karaba tumha joī |dharama sāru jaga hoihi soī ||
Bharata instructed his ministers and faithful servants, and each, receiving his charge, went eagerly to his own task. Then he called his younger brother and gave him instruction, and entrusted to him the service of all the mothers. He summoned the Brahmans, and with folded hands, bowing to them, he made humble and respectful entreaty according to their age. "Whether the task be high or low, good or mean, give me your command, and do not hold back out of hesitation." He called the members of the household, the townsfolk and the subjects, comforted them, and settled them to live contentedly in their own homes. Then, with his younger brother, he went to the guru's house, prostrated himself, and spoke with folded hands. "If you command it, I will live under a vow of austerity." The sage, his body thrilling with love, replied. "Whatever you think, say, or do, that will be the essence of righteousness in the world."
Doha 323
सुनि सिख पाइ असीस बड़ि गनक बोलि दिनु साधि।सिंघासन प्रभु पादुका बैठारे निरुपाधि।।323।।
suni sikha pāi asīsa baṛi ganaka boli dinu sādhi |siṁghāsana prabhu pādukā baiṭhāre nirupādhi ||323||
Having heard the sage's counsel and received his great blessing, Bharata sent for an astrologer and fixed the day, and then, free from all worldly concern, seated his Lord's sandals upon the throne.
Chaupai 324.1-4
राम मातु गुर पद सिरु नाई।प्रभु पद पीठ रजायसु पाई।।
नंदिगावँ करि परन कुटीरा।कीन्ह निवासु धरम धुर धीरा।।
जटाजूट सिर मुनिपट धारी।महि खनि कुस साँथरी सँवारी।।
असन बसन बासन ब्रत नेमा।करत कठिन रिषिधरम सप्रेमा।।
भूषन बसन भोग सुख भूरी।मन तन बचन तजे तिन तूरी।।
अवध राजु सुर राजु सिहाई।दसरथ धनु सुनि धनदु लजाई।।
तेहिं पुर बसत भरत बिनु रागा।चंचरीक जिमि चंपक बागा।।
रमा बिलासु राम अनुरागी।तजत बमन जिमि जन बड़भागी।।
rāma mātu gura pada siru nāī |prabhu pada pīṭha rajāyasu pāī ||
naṁdigāvã kari parana kuṭīrā |kīnha nivāsu dharama dhura dhīrā ||
jaṭājūṭa sira munipaṭa dhārī |mahi khani kusa sā̃tharī sãvārī ||
asana basana bāsana brata nemā |karata kaṭhina riṣidharama sapremā ||
bhūṣana basana bhoga sukha bhūrī |mana tana bacana taje tina tūrī ||
avadha rāju sura rāju sihāī |dasaratha dhanu suni dhanadu lajāī ||
tehiṁ pura basata bharata binu rāgā |caṁcarīka jimi caṁpaka bāgā ||
ramā bilāsu rāma anurāgī |tajata bamana jimi jana baṛabhāgī ||
Bowing his head at the feet of Rama's mother and of the guru, and receiving the command of the Lord's sandals, Bharata, steadfast bearer of the burden of righteousness, made a hut of leaves at Nandigrama and took up his dwelling there. On his head he wore a knot of matted hair, and he put on the garb of a sage; digging into the earth, he prepared a bed of kusha grass. In food, dress, vessels, vows and observances, he lovingly practised the hard discipline of the sages. Ornaments, garments, enjoyments and abundant pleasures: in mind, body and speech he cast them all away like a blade of straw. The kingdom of Ayodhya was envied even by the kingdom of the gods, and the god of wealth was put to shame on hearing of Dasharatha's riches. In that city Bharata lived without attachment, like a bee in a garden of champaka trees. Just as a man of great fortune, devoted to Rama, spurns the delights of Lakshmi as if they were vomit.
Doha 324
राम पेम भाजन भरतु बड़े न एहिं करतूति।चातक हंस सराहिअत टेंक बिबेक बिभूति।।324।।
rāma pema bhājana bharatu baṛe na ehiṁ karatūti |cātaka haṁsa sarāhiata ṭeṁka bibeka bibhūti ||324||
Bharata, the vessel of Rama's love, is not made great by this conduct alone. The chataka is praised for its constancy of vow, and the swan for its glory of discernment.
Chaupai 325.1-4
देह दिनहुँ दिन दूबरि होई।घटइ तेजु बलु मुखछबि सोई।।
नित नव राम प्रेम पनु पीना।बढ़त धरम दलु मनु न मलीना।।
जिमि जलु निघटत सरद प्रकासे।बिलसत बेतस बनज बिकासे।।
सम दम संजम नियम उपासा।नखत भरत हिय बिमल अकासा।।
ध्रुव बिस्वास अवधि राका सी।स्वामि सुरति सुरबीथि बिकासी।।
राम पेम बिधु अचल अदोषा।सहित समाज सोह नित चोखा।।
भरत रहनि समुझनि करतूती।भगति बिरति गुन बिमल बिभूती।।
बरनत सकल सुकचि सकुचाहीं।सेस गनेस गिरा गमु नाहीं।।
deha dinahũ dina dūbari hoī |ghaṭai teju balu mukhachabi soī ||
nita nava rāma prema panu pīnā |baṛhata dharama dalu manu na malīnā ||
jimi jalu nighaṭata sarada prakāse |bilasata betasa banaja bikāse ||
sama dama saṁjama niyama upāsā |nakhata bharata hiya bimala akāsā ||
dhruva bisvāsa avadhi rākā sī |svāmi surati surabīthi bikāsī ||
rāma pema bidhu acala adoṣā |sahita samāja soha nita cokhā ||
bharata rahani samujhani karatūtī |bhagati birati guna bimala bibhūtī ||
baranata sakala sukaci sakucāhīṁ |sesa ganesa girā gamu nāhīṁ ||
Bharata's body grew thinner day by day, yet his radiance and strength did not wane, and the beauty of his face remained the same. His vow of love for Rama grew ever fresh and firm, and the host of his virtues increased, while his mind was never clouded. It was as when the water dwindles in the clear autumn, yet the reeds flourish and the lotuses bloom in splendor. Tranquillity, self-control, restraint, observances and fasting were the stars in the pure sky of Bharata's heart. His faith was the pole star, the term of the exile was the full moon night, and the constant remembrance of his Lord was the shining path of the gods, the Milky Way. His love for Rama was the moon, unmoving and without blemish, which shone ever bright in the midst of its company of stars. Bharata's way of life, his understanding and his deeds, his devotion, his detachment, and the spotless glory of his virtues, all the poets shrink in shame to describe them; even Shesha, Ganesha and Sarasvati cannot reach them.
Doha 325
नित पूजत प्रभु पाँवरी प्रीति न हृदयँ समाति।मागि मागि आयसु करत राज काज बहु भाँति।।325।।
nita pūjata prabhu pā̃varī prīti na hṛdayã samāti |māgi māgi āyasu karata rāja kāja bahu bhā̃ti ||325||
Every day he worshipped the Lord's sandals, and the love in his heart was too great to be contained. Asking leave of them again and again, he carried out the many affairs of the kingdom.
Chaupai 326.1-4
पुलक गात हियँ सिय रघुबीरू।जीह नामु जप लोचन नीरू।।
लखन राम सिय कानन बसहीं।भरतु भवन बसि तप तनु कसहीं।।
दोउ दिसि समुझि कहत सबु लोगू।सब बिधि भरत सराहन जोगू।।
सुनि ब्रत नेम साधु सकुचाहीं।देखि दसा मुनिराज लजाहीं।।
परम पुनीत भरत आचरनू।मधुर मंजु मुद मंगल करनू।।
हरन कठिन कलि कलुष कलेसू।महामोह निसि दलन दिनेसू।।
पाप पुंज कुंजर मृगराजू।समन सकल संताप समाजू।।
जन रंजन भंजन भव भारू।राम सनेह सुधाकर सारू।।
pulaka gāta hiyaṁ siya raghubīrū |jīha nāmu japa locana nīrū ||
lakhana rāma siya kānana basahīṁ |bharatu bhavana basi tapa tanu kasahīṁ ||
dou disi samujhi kahata sabu logū |saba bidhi bharata sarāhana jogū ||
suni brata nema sādhu sakucāhīṁ |dekhi dasā munirāja lajāhīṁ ||
parama punīta bharata ācaranū |madhura mañju muda maṅgala karanū ||
harana kaṭhina kali kaluṣa kalesū |mahāmoha nisi dalana dinesū ||
pāpa puñja kuñjara mṛgarājū |samana sakala santāpa samājū ||
jana rañjana bhañjana bhava bhārū |rāma saneha sudhākara sārū ||
His body thrilled with joy, Sita and the hero of the Raghus dwelt in his heart, his tongue repeated their names, and his eyes brimmed with tears. Lakshmana, Rama and Sita lived in the forest, while Bharata lived at home and wasted his body with austerities. Weighing both sides, all the people said that Bharata was worthy of praise in every way. Hearing of his vows and disciplines, holy men were abashed; seeing his condition, even the foremost of sages felt shame. Bharata's conduct was supremely pure, sweet and charming, the maker of joy and blessing. It takes away the hard afflictions and sins of the Kali age, and is the sun that scatters the night of great delusion. It is a lion to the elephant herd of heaped-up sins, and the destroyer of the whole host of torments. It delights the devotees and breaks the burden of worldly existence; it is the essence of the moon of love for Rama, the source of nectar.
Chhand 326
सिय राम प्रेम पियूष पूरन होत जनमु न भरत को।मुनि मन अगम जम नियम सम दम बिषम ब्रत आचरत को।।
दुख दाह दारिद दंभ दूषन सुजस मिस अपहरत को।कलिकाल तुलसी से सठन्हि हठि राम सनमुख करत को।।
siya rāma prema piyūṣa pūrana hota janamu na bharata ko |muni mana agama jama niyama sama dama biṣama brata ācarata ko ||
dukha dāha dārida dambha dūṣana sujasa misa apaharata ko |kalikāla tulasī se saṭhanhi haṭhi rāma sanamukha karata ko ||
If Bharata, brimming with the nectar of love for Sita and Rama, had not been born, who would have practised the hard vows, so difficult for the minds of sages to reach, with their restraints and observances, their calm and self-control? Who, under the guise of his good fame, would have taken away sorrow, burning anguish, poverty, pride and faults? Who in this Kali Age would have forcibly turned wicked men like Tulsi to face Rama?
Soratha 326
भरत चरित करि नेमु तुलसी जो सादर सुनहिं।सीय राम पद पेमु अवसि होइ भव रस बिरति।।326।।
bharata carita kari nemu tulasī jo sādara sunahiṁ |sīya rāma pada pemu avasi hoi bhava rasa birati ||326||
Says Tulsidas: those who, taking a vow to do so, listen with reverence to the story of Bharata's deeds will surely gain love for the feet of Sita and Rama, and a distaste for the pleasures of worldly life.
Frequently Asked Questions
परंपरा में भरत-चरित (पादुका-राज्य, वैराग्य-युक्त राजधर्म) का पाठ ‘आज्ञापालन-बुद्धि’, ‘विषय-विरक्ति’, और ‘राम-चरण-निष्ठा’ को दृढ़ करता है—विशेषतः गृहस्थ के लिए यह मान्यता है कि राज/कार्य करते हुए भी मन ‘निरुपाधि’ रह सकता है।
सामान्य सत्संग-परंपरा में ‘श्रीराम जय राम जय जय राम’ या ‘राम राम’ का नाम-जप समपूट रूप में जोड़ा जाता है; भरत-पादुका प्रसंग में कई पाठ-परंपराएँ ‘रामचरण-रति’ दृढ़ करने हेतु ‘श्रीरामचंद्र कृपालु भज मन’/‘राम नाम’ का संकीर्तन-संयोजन भी करती हैं (स्थानीय परंपरा-भेद संभव)।
Ask anything about Prakarana 33 of the Ramcharitmanas
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Ramcharitmanas in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Awadhi recitation where available, and more.
