Valmiki Ramayana 2.42.29 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 42, Shloka 29

द्विचत्वारिंशः सर्गः — दशरथस्य शोक-विलापः तथा कौशल्यागृह-प्रवेशः

Dasaratha’s Lament and Return to Kausalya’s Apartments

Devanagari script

ततस्तस्य प्रविष्टस्य कौशल्याया निवेशनम्।अधिरुह्यापि शयनं बभूव लुलितं मनः।।।।

Transliteration

tatas tasya praviṣṭasya kauśalyāyā niveśanam |

adhiruhyāpi śayanaṃ babhūva lulitaṃ manaḥ ||

Translation

After he entered Kausalyā’s residence, even upon mounting the couch, his mind remained shaken and tossed about.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: काल/क्रमवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: then)

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• praviṣṭasya: having entered
• praviṣṭasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive absolute)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra√viś (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त/Past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘having entered’ (genitive absolute-like with tasya)

• kauśalyāyāḥ: of Kausalya
• kauśalyāyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kauśalyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• niveśanam: residence
• niveśanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niveśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• adhiruhya: having climbed onto
• adhiruhya: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: adhi√ruh (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund), ‘having mounted/climbed’

• api: even/though
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्भावना/अपि-निपात (particle: even/though)

• śayanam: bed/couch
• śayanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śayana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• babhūva: became/was
• babhūva: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• lulitam: tossed/agitated
• lulitam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: lulita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (agreeing with manaḥ: ‘agitated’)

• manaḥ: mind
• manaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

Context

His mind tossed restlessly although he entered Kausalya's palace and climbed into the couch.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Kausalyā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Inner unrest follows ethical rupture: when dharma is compromised, external comforts cannot steady the mind—peace depends on righteousness and truth.

What is the narrative situation?

Daśaratha is brought to Kausalyā’s quarters, but his grief is so intense that rest is impossible.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The verse emphasizes the seriousness of moral consequence—Daśaratha’s conscience and sorrow manifest as inability to find repose.