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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 40, Shloka 46

प्रयाणवर्णनम्

Departure from Ayodhya; Civic Lament and the Chariot’s Urgency

तिष्ठेति राजा चुक्रोश याहि याहीति राघवः।सुमन्त्रस्य बभूवात्मा चक्रयोरिव चान्तरा।।।।

tiṣṭheti rājā cukrośa yāhi yāhīti rāghavaḥ |

sumantrasya babhūv ātmā cakrayor iva cāntarā ||

The king cried, “Stop, stop!” while Rāghava (Rāma) said, “Go on, go on!” and Sumantra’s mind was as though caught between two wheels.

तिष्ठstay/stand
तिष्ठ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-सूचक अव्यय
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
चुक्रोशcried out
चुक्रोश:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootक्रुश् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
याहिgo
याहि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन
याहिgo (again)
याहि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन (repetition)
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-सूचक अव्यय
राघवःRaghava (Rama)
राघवः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराघव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
सुमन्त्रस्यof Sumantra
सुमन्त्रस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootसुमन्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; सम्बन्ध
बभूवbecame/was
बभूव:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
आत्माmind/heart
आत्मा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; here ‘mind/heart’
चक्रयोःof the two wheels
चक्रयोः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootचक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (or सप्तमी) द्विवचन; here genitive ‘of two wheels’
इवas if/like
इव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-वाचक अव्यय
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
अन्तराin between
अन्तरा:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्तरा (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (adverb/preposition) ‘in between’

The king cried, 'Stay, Stay', while Rama said 'Go on, Go on'. Sumantra's mind was caught as if in between two wheels.

D
Daśaratha
R
Rāma (Rāghava)
S
Sumantra

FAQs

The verse illustrates dharma-saṅkaṭa (conflict of obligations): Sumantra must navigate competing authorities—kingly command versus Rāma’s righteous resolve.

As the chariot departs, Daśaratha orders it to stop, but Rāma orders it to proceed; Sumantra is torn.

Rāma’s steadfastness (dhṛti) in pursuing his vow, and Sumantra’s conscientiousness under pressure.