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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 35, Shloka 28

सुमन्त्रस्य कैकेयी-निन्दा

Sumantra’s Reproof of Kaikeyi in the Royal Assembly

सत्यश्चाद्य प्रवादोऽयं लौकिकः प्रतिभाति मा। पितृन् समनुजायन्ते नरा मातरमङ्गनाः।।2.35.28।।

satyaś cādya pravādo ’yaṁ laukikaḥ pratibhāti mā | pitṝn samanujāyante narā mātaram aṅganāḥ ||2.35.28||

Today this common saying seems true to me: sons take after their fathers, and daughters take after their mothers.

सत्यःtrue
सत्यः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; प्रवादः इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्
and
:
समुच्चय (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction: and)
अद्यtoday/now
अद्य:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb: today/now)
प्रवादःsaying/proverb
प्रवादः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवाद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
अयम्this
अयम्:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
लौकिकःworldly/common
लौकिकः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootलौकिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; प्रवादः इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्
प्रतिभातिappears/seems
प्रतिभाति:
क्रिया (Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति + भा (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
माto me
मा:
सम्प्रदान (Sampradana/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; ‘मह्यम्’ अर्थे
पितॄन्fathers
पितॄन्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
समनुजायन्तेare born resembling/following
समनुजायन्ते:
क्रिया (Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + अनु + जन् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद
नराःmen
नराः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
मातरम्mother
मातरम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
अङ्गनाःwomen
अङ्गनाः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्गना (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

The generally accepted saying in this world that 'sons resemble the father and, daughters the mother' appears true to me today.

K
Kaikeyi

FAQs

Moral formation and responsibility: character is shaped by upbringing and example, so one must guard against inheriting or repeating wrongdoing.

Sumantra uses a proverb to imply that Kaikeyi’s conduct mirrors her mother’s earlier behavior in the recalled episode.

Self-awareness and ethical independence—one should not imitate harmful patterns even if they are familial or customary.

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