Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 34, Shloka 21

रामदर्शनार्थं दारानयनम्

The Queens Summoned; Rama’s Leave-Taking and Dasaratha’s Collapse

Devanagari script

अथ रामो मुहूर्तेन लब्धसंज्ञं महीपतिम्।उवाच प्राञ्जलिर्भूत्वा शोकार्णवपरिप्लुतम्।।।।

Transliteration

atha rāmo muhūrtena labdhasaṃjñaṃ mahīpatim |

uvāca prāñjalir bhūtvā śokārṇavapariplutam ||

Translation

Then, after a short while, when the lord of the earth regained consciousness, Rama—standing with folded palms—addressed him, though he was still submerged in an ocean of sorrow.

Word by Word

• atha: then
• atha: Kāla-sambandha (कालसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, discourse particle (अनन्तर/आरम्भसूचक)

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• muhūrtena: in a moment
• muhūrtena: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muhūrta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular; time-measure used adverbially

• labdha-saṃjñam: who had regained consciousness
• labdha-saṃjñam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: labdha (क्तान्त from √labh) + saṃjñā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa: 'having regained consciousness'; Masculine, Accusative, Singular (qualifying mahīpatim)

• mahī-patim: the king
• mahī-patim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahī (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी): 'lord of the earth'; Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्, perfect), Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa, Singular

• prāñjaliḥ: with folded hands
• prāñjaliḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prāñjali (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; predicate adjective to rāmaḥ

• bhūtvā: having become
• bhūtvā: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा, अव्ययकृदन्त)

• śoka-arṇava-pariplutam: immersed in a sea of grief
• śoka-arṇava-pariplutam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śoka (प्रातिपदिक) + arṇava (प्रातिपदिक) + paripluta (प्रातिपदिक/क्तान्त from pari-√plu)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa chain: 'immersed in the ocean of sorrow'; Masculine, Accusative, Singular (qualifying mahīpatim)

Context

After the king regained his consciousness in a moment, Rama with folded hands said to him, who was immersed in a sea of sorrow:

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Daśaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Maryādā and satya-oriented humility: Rama approaches speech with reverence (folded hands), showing that even rightful requests should be made with respect, especially to parents and kings.

What is the narrative situation?

Daśaratha regains consciousness; Rama prepares to speak to him formally and respectfully.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s humility and restraint—he maintains respectful conduct amid intense emotional upheaval.