Previous Verse
Next Verse

Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 13, Shloka 2

अयोध्याकाण्डे त्रयोदशः सर्गः | Kaikeyi Presses the Boons; Dasaratha’s Lament and Collapse

अतदर्हं महाराजं शयानमतथोचितम्।ययातिमिव पुण्यान्ते देवलोकात्परिच्युतम्।।2.13.1।।अनर्थरूपा सिद्धार्था ह्यभीता भयदर्शिनी।पुनराकारयामास तमेव वरमङ्गना।।2.13.2।।

atadarhaṃ mahārājaṃ śayānam atathocitam |

yayātim iva puṇyānte devalokāt paricyutam || 2.13.1 ||

anartharūpā siddhārthā hy abhītā bhayadarśinī |

punar ākārayāmāsa tam eva varam aṅganā || 2.13.2 ||

The great king, lying there—unworthy of such treatment and unaccustomed to it—seemed like Yayāti fallen from heaven when his merit was spent. That woman, misfortune embodied, her aim achieved, fearless yet feigning fear, again pressed him about those very boons.

अनर्थरूपाhaving the form of misfortune; misfortune-incarnate
अनर्थरूपा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनर्थ-रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (genitive tatpuruṣa): अनर्थस्य रूपम्
सिद्धार्थाwith her purpose fulfilled
सिद्धार्था:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootसिद्ध-अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः: सिद्धः अर्थः यस्याः (purpose accomplished)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), अव्यय; emphasis/indeed
अभीताfearless
अभीता:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-भीत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नञ्-समास/नकार-प्रत्ययार्थ (negation): not afraid
भयदर्शिनीdisplaying fear; making fear appear
भयदर्शिनी:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootभय-दर्शिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः: भयम् दर्शयति इति (one who shows fear)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण (adverb), अव्यय
आकारयामासurged; made (him) ask
आकारयामास:
Kriya (क्रिया/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-कारय् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect, लिट्-लकार), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; causative sense (णिच्-अर्थ): caused to be asked/urged
तम्him
तम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative, 2nd), एकवचन
एवonly; indeed
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), अव्यय; restriction/emphasis
वरम्boon
वरम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootवर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative, 2nd), एकवचन
अङ्गनाthe woman
अङ्गना:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्गना (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन

The maharaja lying on the floor resembled (king) Yayati fallen from heaven after his merits (earned earlier) were exhausted. He neither deserved nor was accustomed to such (humiliating) treatment. Fearless Kaikeyi ,the incarnate of misfortune having accomplished her purpose, displyaing feigned fear, urged the king again (without inhibition), about the boons:

D
Daśaratha
K
Kaikeyī
Y
Yayāti
D
Devaloka (heaven)

FAQs

Manipulation and feigned emotion used to secure selfish ends is adharma; it degrades both the victim (through humiliation) and the perpetrator (through moral corruption).

The narrator describes Daśaratha’s humiliating collapse and Kaikeyī’s relentless insistence that he fulfill the promised boons.

By contrast and implication: Daśaratha’s dignity as a righteous king is highlighted by his undeserved humiliation; Kaikeyī’s lack of compassion is foregrounded.