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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 13, Shloka 15

अयोध्याकाण्डे त्रयोदशः सर्गः | Kaikeyi Presses the Boons; Dasaratha’s Lament and Collapse

सा त्रियामा तथार्त्तस्य चन्द्रमण्डलमण्डिता।।।।राज्ञो विलपमानस्य न व्यभासत शर्वरी।

sā triyāmā tathārttasya candramaṇḍalamaṇḍitā |

rājño vilapamānasya na vyabhāsata śarvarī |

Though the three-yāma night was adorned with the circle of the moon, it did not seem bright to the king who wept in such anguish.

that (night)
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
triyāmāthe three-watched (night)
triyāmā:
Apposition (समानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottri + yāmā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); dvigu: ‘three watches’ = night
tathāthus; in that manner
tathā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय)
ārttasyaof the distressed one
ārttasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeAdjective
Rootārta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
candra-maṇḍala-maṇḍitāadorned with the moon’s orb
candra-maṇḍala-maṇḍitā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcandra + maṇḍala + maṇḍita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); past participle (क्त) ‘adorned’; compound: ‘adorned with the moon-disc’
rājñaḥof the king
rājñaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (राजन् प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
vilapamānasyaof (him) lamenting
vilapamānasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeVerb
Rootvilap (वि + लप् धातु)
FormPresent middle participle (शानच्/वर्तमान-कृदन्त), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
vyabhāsatashone forth
vyabhāsata:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhās (भास् धातु) with vi-
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); ātmanepada
śarvarīnight
śarvarī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśarvarī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

For the king who was in deep anguish and in tears the night appeared dark even though it was adorned with the lunar orb.

D
Daśaratha
M
Moon
N
Night

FAQs

When dharma is threatened, the mind loses its light: external auspiciousness (moonlit night) cannot console one who feels moral ruin and impending injustice.

Night falls; despite moonlight, Daśaratha experiences only darkness because of his grief over Kaikeyī’s demands.

Daśaratha’s deep attachment and conscience—his suffering arises from the collision between love for Rāma and the binding force of pledged boons.