Shloka 9

Adhyaya 65 — Svarocis Enjoys on the Mountain; A Debate on Marital Fidelity and Desire

Sanskrit

सन्ति यौवनिनः श्लाघ्यास्तत्पत्न्यो नातिशोभनाः ।

जगत्यामल्पकाः पत्न्यः पतयश्चातिशोभनाः ॥

Transliteration

santi yauvaninaḥ ślāghyās tat-patnyo nāti-śobhanāḥ | jagatyām alpakāḥ patnyaḥ patayaś cāti-śobhanāḥ ||

Translation

There are praiseworthy youthful men whose wives are not very beautiful. In the world, there are few cases where the wives are very beautiful and the husbands also are very handsome.

Word by Word

• सन्ति: there are
• सन्ति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √as (अस् धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 3rd person, Plural; parasmaipada

• यौवनिनः: young men
• यौवनिनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yauvanin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• श्लाघ्याः: praiseworthy
• श्लाघ्याः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ślāghya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural; agrees with यौवनिनः

• तत्पत्न्यः: their wives
• तत्पत्न्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tat-patnī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound: तत् (of them) + पत्नी; Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, negation particle (निषेध)

• अतिशोभनाः: very beautiful
• अतिशोभनाः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ati-śobhana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound: अति (avyaya) + शोभन; Feminine, Nominative, Plural; with न = ‘not very beautiful’

• जगत्याम्: in the world
• जगत्याम्: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jagatī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular

• अल्पकाः: few
• अल्पकाः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: alpaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural; agrees with पत्न्यः

• पत्न्यः: wives
• पत्न्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: patnī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• पतयः: husbands
• पतयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, conjunction

• अतिशोभनाः: very beautiful / very handsome
• अतिशोभनाः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ati-śobhana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound: अति (avyaya) + शोभन; Masculine, Nominative, Plural; agrees with पतयः

Speakers

• Kalahamsī (continuing)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "hasya", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Social realism about marriage
• Asymmetry of desirability
• Groundwork for ‘mutual love is rare’

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

External attractiveness and social ‘matching’ are unstable bases for marital happiness; the text is steering toward the deeper criterion: mutual, exclusive affection and steadiness of mind.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Dharma-oriented observation within an illustrative dialogue; not tied to sarga/manvantara/vaṃśa.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘rarity’ motif points to the rarity of inner concord (sattvic harmony) compared to the commonness of outward mismatch and craving.