Shloka 3

Adhyaya 50 — Mind-Born Progeny, Svayambhuva Manu’s Lineage, and Brahmā’s Ordinance to Duḥsaha (Alakṣmī’s Retinue)

Sanskrit

देवाद्याः स्थावरान्ताश्च त्रैगुण्यविषयाः स्मृताः ।

एवंभूतानि सृष्टानि स्थावराणि चराणि च ॥

Transliteration

devādyāḥ sthāvarāntāś ca traiguṇya-viṣayāḥ smṛtāḥ | evaṃbhūtāni sṛṣṭāni sthāvarāṇi carāṇi ca ||

Translation

From the gods onward up to the immobile beings, all are said to be within the domain of the three guṇas. Thus were created beings of such kinds—both immobile and mobile.

Word by Word

• देव-आद्याः: beginning with the gods
• देव-आद्याः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः देव + आदि (तत्पुरुष: ‘देवाः आदयः येषाम्/यत्र’—‘beginning with gods’)

• स्थावर-अन्ताः: ending with the immovables
• स्थावर-अन्ताः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्थावर (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः स्थावर + अन्त (तत्पुरुष: ‘ending with the immovables’)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• त्रैगुण्य-विषयाः: pertaining to the three guṇas
• त्रैगुण्य-विषयाः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रैगुण्य (प्रातिपदिक) + विषय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः त्रैगुण्य + विषय (तत्पुरुष: ‘having the three guṇas as their domain/character’)

• स्मृताः: are said/remembered
• स्मृताः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• एवं-भूतानि: such (things/beings)
• एवं-भूतानि: Visheshya (विशेष्य)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय) + भूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; अव्ययीभाव-समासः (‘thus-formed/such’)

• सृष्टानि: created
• सृष्टानि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सृज् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• स्थावराणि: immovables
• स्थावराणि: Visheshya (विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्थावर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• चराणि: movables
• चराणि: Visheshya (विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya (continuing narration)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Sarga
• Guṇa theory
• Classification of beings

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

All conditioned beings—from divine to vegetal—are portrayed as operating within guṇic nature; this encourages discernment (viveka) about the limits of guṇa-bound existence.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Sarga: it summarizes the scope and categories of created beings (mobile/immobile) and the governing principle (traiguṇya).

What is the esoteric significance?

The verse implies a single continuum of manifestation modulated by guṇas; ‘divine’ and ‘earthly’ are gradations of the same prakṛtic spectrum rather than separate ontological orders.