Shloka 38

Adhyaya 23 — Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

Sanskrit

विभिन्नदर्शिनामाद्या ब्रह्मणो हि सनातनाः ।

सोमसंस्था हविः संस्थाः पाकसंस्थाश्च सप्त याः ॥

Transliteration

vibhinna-darśinām ādyā brahmaṇo hi sanātanāḥ | soma-saṃsthā haviḥ-saṃsthāḥ pāka-saṃsthāś ca sapta yāḥ ||

Translation

For those of differing views, the ancient and eternal forms of Brahman are spoken of as primary. Those seven are: the Soma-based establishments, the oblation-based establishments, and the cooking (pāka) establishments.

Word by Word

• विभिन्नदर्शिनाम्: of those holding differing views
• विभिन्नदर्शिनाम्: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विभिन्न + दर्शिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; समासः—विभिन्न-दर्शिन् (कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष: ‘having different views’)

• आद्याः: primary; first
• आद्याः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• ब्रह्मणः: of Brahman / of the Veda (Brahma)
• ब्रह्मणः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; ब्रह्मन्-शब्द (n-stem)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle) — emphatic/causal ‘indeed/for’

• सनातनाः: eternal
• सनातनाः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सनातन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• सोमसंस्थाः: Soma-rites/arrangements
• सोमसंस्थाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम + संस्था (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—सोमस्य संस्थाः

• हविः: oblation
• हविः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हविस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; सकारान्त (s-stem)

• संस्थाः: arrangements; rites
• संस्थाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संस्था (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• पाकसंस्थाः: cooking/household rites
• पाकसंस्थाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाक + संस्था (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—पाकस्य संस्थाः

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• सप्त: seven
• सप्त: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सप्त (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्याशब्दः; (here) स्त्रीलिङ्ग-बहुवचन-विशेषणार्थे ‘सप्त’ (indeclinable numeral used adjectivally)

• याः: which
• याः: Anvaya-sambandha (अन्वय-सम्बन्ध/relative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

Speakers

• Hymn addressed to Devi

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devi (Mahadevi)

Shakti Aspects

• Devi as the source enabling Vedic sacrificial speech/ritual classifications

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Vedic ritual taxonomy
• Brahmavāda
• Sacrifice (yajña)
• Plurality of darśanas

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even diverse ritual and doctrinal systems ultimately depend on a single sacred ground. The verse legitimizes plurality (‘different seers’) while locating the efficacy of rites in Devi as the deeper source.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Connects to 'Dharma' via yajña-structure (ritual duty) rather than to genealogical or manvantara material.

What is the esoteric significance?

The sevenfold ritual schema can be read as outer correspondences of inner offerings; Devi as Sarasvatī/Om is the power that makes ‘classification’ and ‘recitation’ efficacious.