Shloka 3
Arjuna’s Concentrated Archery and the Rout of the Kaurava Mahārathas
Gāṇḍīva-Nirghoṣa Episode
Devanagari script
वैशम्पायन उवाच धनंजयवच: श्र॒ुत्वा वैराटिस्त्वरितस्तत: । हयान् रजतसंकाशान् हेमभाण्डानचोदयत्
Translation
Vaiśampāyana said: “O king, hearing Dhanañjaya’s (Arjuna’s) words, Uttara, the prince of Virāṭa, at once urged on those white horses—shining like silver and adorned with golden trappings.”
Word by Word
वैशम्पायनःVaiśampāyana
वैशम्पायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैशम्पायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
धनंजय-वचःDhanañjaya's words
धनंजय-वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय-वचस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), active sense
वैराटिःthe Virāṭa prince (Uttarā/ Uttara)
वैराटिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैराटि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वरितःhastened, quick
त्वरितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वरित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
हयान्horses
हयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रजत-संकाशान्silver-like, resembling silver
रजत-संकाशान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootरजत-संकाश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
हेम-भाण्डान्golden trappings/ornaments (equipment)
हेम-भाण्डान्:
TypeNoun
Rootहेम-भाण्ड
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अचोदयत्urged on, drove
अचोदयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootचुद्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes