Shloka 5
त्रिगर्त-मात्स्य-संग्रामः
The Trigarta–Matsya Engagement at Twilight
(तत: शब्दो महानासीद् रेणुश्व दिवमस्पृशत् | शड्खदुन्दुभिघोषश्न भेरीणां च महास्वन: ।।
tataḥ śabdo mahān āsīd reṇuś ca divam aspṛśat | śaṅkha-dundubhi-ghoṣaś ca bherīṇāṃ ca mahāsvanaḥ || gavāśva-ratha-nāgānāṃ narāṇāṃ ca padātinām | evaṃ taiḥ saha abhiniryāya matsyarājasya go-dhane | trigartair galahāmāṇe tu gopālāḥ pratyasedhayan || atha trigartā bahavaḥ parigṛhya dhanaṃ bahu | parikṣipya hayaiḥ śīghrair rathavrātaiś ca bhārata | gopālān pratyayudhyanta raṇe kṛtvā jaye dhṛtim || te hanyamānā bahubhiḥ prāsa-tomara-pāṇibhiḥ | gopālā gokule bhaktā vārayāmāsur ojasā | paraśvadhaiś ca musalaiḥ bhindipālaiś ca mudgaraiḥ || gopālāḥ karṣaṇaiḥ śinraiḥ jaghnur aśvān samantataḥ | te hanyamānāḥ saṃkruddhās trigartā rathayodhinaḥ | visṛjya śaravarṣāṇi gopīn vyadrāvayan raṇe || tato javena mahatā gopaḥ puram athāvrājat | sa dṛṣṭvā matsyarājaṃ ca rathāt praskandya kuṇḍalī ||
Vaiśampāyana said: Then a tremendous uproar arose; dust rose from the earth and seemed to touch the sky. The blare of conches and kettledrums, and the great booming of war-drums, resounded everywhere. The noise of cattle, horses, chariots, elephants, and foot-soldiers spread in all directions. Thus, accompanied by their forces, the Trigartas sallied forth and attacked the cattle-wealth of the king of Matsya. As the Trigartas tried to drive the herd away, the cowherds resisted them. Then the Trigartas—many in number—seized much wealth and, surrounding it with swift horses and masses of chariots, began to fight the cowherds in battle, resolved upon victory. Though struck by many men bearing spears and javelins, the cowherds—devoted to the cattle-fold—held them back with force. With axes, clubs, bhindipālas, maces, and the weapon called karṣaṇa, they struck down the enemy horses on every side. Wounded and enraged, the Trigartas, skilled as chariot-warriors, showered arrows and drove the cowherds from the field. Then, with great speed, a cowherd wearing earrings went to the city; seeing the king of Matsya, he leapt down from his chariot (to report the raid).
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The passage highlights civic and ethical duty: protecting communal wealth (cattle) and resisting unjust seizure. The cowherds’ steadfastness shows loyalty to one’s charge and the social importance of safeguarding livelihoods, while the raiders’ aggression illustrates adharma expressed as predatory violence.
The Trigartas launch a raid on King Virāṭa’s cattle, creating a massive battlefield commotion. The cowherds initially resist with improvised and standard weapons, even striking down horses, but the Trigartas retaliate with arrow-showers and rout them. A cowherd then rushes to the city to inform the Matsya king.