Mahabharata — Virata Parva, Shloka 43
द्रौपदी-भीमसेनसंवादः
Draupadī–Bhīmasena Dialogue on Suffering, Kāla, and Daiva
Devanagari script
अभ्यकीर्यन्त वृन्दानि दामग्रन्थिमुदीक्ष्य तम् । विनयन्तं जवेनाश्वान् महाराजस्य पश्यत:
Translation
He whose very sight once scattered the ranks of foes now serves as a groom: loosening and fastening the reins, and, before the great king, training the horses to run at speed.
Word by Word
अभ्यकीर्यन्तwere scattered / dispersed
अभ्यकीर्यन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√कॄ (किरति)
FormImperfect (Lan), Atmanepada, 3, Plural
वृन्दानिgroups, multitudes
वृन्दानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृन्द
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
दामrein, rope
दाम:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदामन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ग्रन्थिम्knot / fastening
ग्रन्थिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootग्रन्थि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उदीक्ष्यhaving seen / observing
उदीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-√ईक्ष्
FormAbsolutive (ktvā-lyap), Parasmaipada (root sense)
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विनयन्तम्training / instructing
विनयन्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-√नी (नयति)
FormPresent active participle (śatṛ), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
जवेनwith speed
जवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
महाराजस्यof the great king
महाराजस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पश्यतःwhile (he) is watching / in the presence of (him) watching
पश्यतः:
TypeVerb
Root√पश् (पश्यति)
FormPresent active participle (śatṛ), Masculine, Genitive, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes