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Shloka 2

Keśinī’s Inquiry to Bāhuka and the Emotional Signs of Concealed Identity (केशिन्याः बाहुकपरीक्षा)

तथा प्रयाते तु रथे तदा भाज़सुरिनृप: । उत्तरीयमधो<पश्यद्‌ भ्रष्ट परपुरंजय:,जब रथ इस प्रकार तीव्र गतिसे दौड़ रहा था, उसी समय शत्रुओंके नगरोंको जीतनेवाले राजा ऋतुपर्णने देखा, उनका उत्तरीय वस्त्र नीचे गिर गया है

tathā prayāte tu rathe tadā bhājasurinṛpaḥ | uttarīyam adho 'paśyad bhraṣṭaṃ parapuraṃjayaḥ ||

As the chariot sped on in that manner, the king—conqueror of hostile cities—noticed that his upper garment had slipped and fallen down.

तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
प्रयातेhad gone / was proceeding
प्रयाते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या (धातु: या)
Formलिट् (Perfect), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
रथेin the chariot
रथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
Formmasculine, locative, singular
तदाthen, at that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
भासुरि-नृपःthe splendid king
भासुरि-नृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
उत्तरीयम्upper garment
उत्तरीयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तरीय
Formneuter, accusative, singular
अधःdownwards, below
अधः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधः
अपश्यत्saw
अपश्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-√दृश् (धातु: दृश्)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
भ्रष्टम्fallen, slipped off
भ्रष्टम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootभ्रष्ट (कृदन्त, √भ्रंश्)
Formneuter, accusative, singular
परपुरंजयःconqueror of enemy cities
परपुरंजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर-पुर-जय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

बृहदश्च उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva
Ṛtupārṇa
C
chariot (ratha)
U
upper garment (uttarīya)

Educational Q&A

Even in haste and high-stakes movement, one should not abandon awareness of propriety and self-discipline; the king’s notice of his fallen garment reflects the dharmic ideal of composure and decorum amid urgency.

As the chariot rushes forward, King Ṛtupārṇa (described as a conqueror of enemy cities) observes that his upper garment has slipped and fallen, a small but telling detail within the travel episode narrated by Bṛhadaśva.