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Shloka 13

Damayantī’s Lament, Serpent-Seizure, Rescue by the Hunter, and the Curse

जानीषे त्वं यथा राजा सम्यग वृत्त: सदा त्वयि | तस्य त्वं विषमस्थस्य साहाय्यं कर्तुमहसि,'सूत! तुम जानते हो कि महाराज तुम्हारे प्रति कैसा अच्छा बर्ताव करते थे। आज वे विषम संकटमें पड़ गये हैं, अतः तुम्हें भी उनकी सहायता करनी चाहिये

bṛhadaśva uvāca | jānīṣe tvaṃ yathā rājā samyag vṛttaḥ sadā tvayi | tasya tvaṃ viṣamasthasya sāhāyyaṃ kartum arhasi |

Bṛhadaśva said: “You know well how the king has always behaved rightly and kindly toward you. Now that he has fallen into a difficult crisis, it is fitting that you, too, should render him help.”

जानीषेyou know
जानीषे:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
FormLat, Atmanepada, Madhyama, Eka
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Prathama, Eka
यथाhow / as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Prathama, Eka
सम्यक्properly / well
सम्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक्
वृत्तःbehaved / conducted himself
वृत्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत्त (कृदन्त; √वृत्)
FormMasculine, Prathama, Eka
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
त्वयिtowards you / in your case
त्वयि:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Saptami, Eka
तस्यof him / his
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Shashthi, Eka
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Prathama, Eka
विषमस्थस्यof (one) situated in adversity
विषमस्थस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootविषमस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Shashthi, Eka
साहाय्यम्help / assistance
साहाय्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसाहाय्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Dvitiya, Eka
कर्तुम्to do / to render
कर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
FormTumun (infinitive)
अर्हसिyou ought / you deserve (to)
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह् (धातु)
FormLat, Parasmaipada, Madhyama, Eka
सूतO charioteer / O suta
सूत:
TypeNoun
Rootसूत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Sambodhana, Eka

बृहृदश्चव उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva
T
the king (rājā)
S
sūta (charioteer/bard, addressed)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches reciprocity grounded in dharma: when someone—especially a benefactor like a king—has consistently acted rightly toward you, you have an ethical obligation to support him when he is in distress.

Bṛhadaśva addresses a sūta, reminding him of the king’s past good conduct toward him and urging him to provide assistance now that the king is caught in a difficult predicament.