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Shloka 18

नलस्य दमयन्त्युत्सर्गः

Nala’s Abandonment of Damayantī in the Lodging Hall

नायमस्तीति दु:खार्ता व्रीडिता जग्मुरालयान्‌ । तथा तदभवद्‌ दूत॑ पुष्करस्य नलस्य च । युधिष्ठिर बहून्‌ मासान्‌ पुण्यश्लोकस्त्वजीयत

nāyam astīti duḥkhārtā vrīḍitā jagmur ālayān | tathā tad abhavad dūta puṣkarasya nalasya ca | yudhiṣṭhira bahūn māsān puṇyaślokas tv ajīyata

Thinking, “He is not here,” they were stricken with sorrow and, ashamed, returned to their dwellings. And so it turned out, O messenger, for both Puṣkara and Nala: for many months, O Yudhiṣṭhira, the famed (Nala) remained unconquered.

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
ayamthis (one)
ayam:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootidam
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
astiis/exists
asti:
TypeVerb
Rootas
Formpresent indicative, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
itithus/“...”, (quotative)
iti:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti
duḥkha-ārtāḥafflicted by sorrow
duḥkha-ārtāḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootduḥkha-ārta
Formfeminine, nominative, plural
vrīḍitāḥashamed
vrīḍitāḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootvrīḍita
Formfeminine, nominative, plural
jagmuḥwent
jagmuḥ:
TypeVerb
Rootgam
Formperfect, 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
ālayānto their dwellings/homes
ālayān:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootālaya
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
tathāso/likewise
tathā:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā
tatthat (situation/thing)
tat:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad
Formneuter, nominative, singular
abhavathappened/was
abhavat:
TypeVerb
Rootbhū
Formimperfect, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
dūtaḥthe messenger
dūtaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootdūta
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
puṣkarasyaof Puṣkara
puṣkarasya:
TypeNoun
Rootpuṣkara
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
nalasyaof Nala
nalasya:
TypeNoun
Rootnala
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
yudhiṣṭhiraO Yudhiṣṭhira
yudhiṣṭhira:
TypeNoun
Rootyudhiṣṭhira
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
bahūnmany
bahūn:
TypeAdjective
Rootbahu
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
māsānmonths
māsān:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootmāsa
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
puṇya-ślokaḥthe renowned one (of holy fame)
puṇya-ślokaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootpuṇya-śloka
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
tubut/indeed
tu:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu
ajīyatawas not conquered/was undefeated
ajīyata:
TypeVerb
Rootji
Formimperfect, 3rd, singular, ātmanepada (passive sense)

ब॒हृदश्चव उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
N
Nala
P
Puṣkara
D
dūta (messenger)
Ā
ālayāḥ (homes/abodes)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how reputation and steadfastness endure through adversity: despite attempts and the surrounding shame and disappointment, the ‘puṇyaśloka’ (renowned) figure remains unconquered for a long time, suggesting the ethical ideal of resilience and the sustaining power of virtuous fame.

Bṛhadaśva continues the Nala episode, describing how people, believing ‘he is not here,’ return home in grief and embarrassment; he then reports to the ‘messenger’ that events unfolded thus for both Puṣkara and Nala, and tells Yudhiṣṭhira that Nala remained undefeated for many months.