Shloka 13

Sāvitrī’s Report and Nārada’s Prognosis (सावित्र्याख्यान—सत्यवान्-गुणवर्णनं तथा अल्पायुषः पूर्वसूचना)

Devanagari script

पुत्र राजा दशरथ: कौसल्यानन्दवर्धनम्‌ | संदृश्य परमां प्रीतिमगच्छत्‌ कुरुनन्दन

Transliteration

mārkaṇḍeya uvāca |

putro rājā daśarathaḥ kauśalyānandavardhanam |

saṃdṛśya paramāṃ prītim agacchat kurunandana ||

Translation

Mārkaṇḍeya said: “O joy of the Kurus, King Daśaratha, on seeing his son Rāma—who increased Kauśalyā’s happiness—was filled with the highest delight.”

Word by Word

• पुत्रम्: son
• पुत्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दशरथः: Daśaratha
• दशरथः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दशरथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कौसल्यानन्दवर्धनम्: increaser of Kausalyā's joy
• कौसल्यानन्दवर्धनम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कौसल्यानन्दवर्धन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• संदृश्य: having seen
• संदृश्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-दृश्
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral

• परमाम्: supreme, great
• परमाम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रीतिम्: joy, delight
• प्रीतिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रीति
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• अगच्छत्: went/attained
• अगच्छत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• कुरुनन्दन: O joy of the Kurus
• कुरुनन्दन: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरुनन्दन
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Mārkaṇḍeya
• Daśaratha
• Rāma
• Kauśalyā
• Kuru (dynasty, via address 'Kurunandana')

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A ruler’s highest joy is grounded in dharma: the presence of a virtuous, self-controlled heir who uplifts family and society. The verse implicitly praises ethical excellence as the true source of lasting happiness.

What is happening in the narrative?

Mārkaṇḍeya describes King Daśaratha’s reaction on seeing his son Rāma. The king, beholding Rāma—celebrated as the increaser of Kauśalyā’s joy—experiences supreme delight.