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Shloka 17

अग्निनाम-प्रादुर्भावः प्रायश्चित्त-विधानं च

Agni’s Epithets, Manifestations, and Expiation Procedures

महाभूतानि खं वायुरग्निरापस्तथा च भू: । शब्द: स्पर्शश्न॒ रूपं च रसो गन्धश्न तदगुणा:,आकाश, वायु अग्नि, जल तथा पृथिवी--ये पाँच महाभूत हैं तथा शब्द, स्पर्श, रूप, रस और गन्ध--ये क्रमश: उनके विशेष गुण हैं

mahābhūtāni khaṁ vāyur agnir āpas tathā ca bhūḥ | śabdaḥ sparśaś ca rūpaṁ ca raso gandhaś ca tad-guṇāḥ ||

The hunter said: “The great elements are space, wind, fire, water, and earth. Their distinctive qualities, in due order, are sound, touch, form, taste, and smell.” In this teaching, he grounds ethical reflection in a clear understanding of the body and world as constituted by elements and their properties, preparing the listener to see duty and conduct as aligned with the nature of reality rather than with mere impulse.

महाभूतानिthe great elements
महाभूतानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहाभूत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
खम्ether/space
खम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Root
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वायुःwind/air
वायुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अग्निःfire
अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आपःwaters
आपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअप्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तथाand/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भूःearth
भूः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभू
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
शब्दःsound
शब्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्पर्शःtouch
स्पर्शः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्पर्श
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रूपम्form/color
रूपम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरूप
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रसःtaste/essence
रसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गन्धःsmell
गन्धः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगन्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्that/these (as a set)
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
गुणाःqualities
गुणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

व्याध उवाच

V
vyādha (hunter)
M
mahābhūta (five great elements)
K
kha/ākāśa (space)
V
vāyu (air)
A
agni (fire)
Ā
āpas (water)
B
bhū/pṛthivī (earth)
Ś
śabda (sound)
S
sparśa (touch)
R
rūpa (form/colour)
R
rasa (taste)
G
gandha (smell)