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Shloka 19

Pradyumna–Śālva Missile-Exchange at Saubha (Āraṇyaka Parva, Adhyāya 18)

कि वक्ष्यति शिनेर्नप्ता नरसिंहो महाधनु: । अपयातं रणात्‌ सूत साम्बश्न समितिंजय:,'सूत! युद्धसे भागनेपर मनुष्योंमें सिंहके समान पराक्रमी महाधनुर्धर सात्यकि तथा समरविजयी साम्ब मुझसे क्या कहेंगे?

ki vakṣyati śiner naptā narasiṁho mahādhanuḥ | apayātaṁ raṇāt sūta sāmbaś ca samitiṁjayaḥ ||

Vāyu said: “O charioteer, having turned back from the battlefield, what will Śini’s grandson—Sātyaki, lion-like among men and a mighty archer—and what will Sāmba, the conqueror of hostile encounters, say to me?”

किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वक्ष्यतिwill say
वक्ष्यति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 3rd, Singular
शिनेःof Śini
शिनेः:
TypeNoun
Rootशिनि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
नप्ताःgrandson
नप्ताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनप्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नर-सिंहःlion among men
नर-सिंहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महा-धनुःgreat-bowed (mighty archer)
महा-धनुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधनुस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपयातम्departed/withdrawn
अपयातम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootअप-या
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
रणात्from battle
रणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
सूतO charioteer
सूत:
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
साम्बःSāmba
साम्बः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाम्ब
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
समिति-जयीvictorious in battle
समिति-जयी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजयिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

वायुदेव (Vāyu)
शिनि (Śini)
सात्यकि (Sātyaki)
साम्ब (Sāmba)
सूत (charioteer)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical weight of reputation and accountability in warfare: retreating from battle invites scrutiny from valorous peers, reminding a warrior (and his aide) that duty and courage are judged by the community of the brave.

Vāyu addresses a charioteer who has withdrawn from combat, expressing concern about how renowned fighters—Sātyaki and Sāmba—will respond to or judge this retreat.