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Shloka 16

Adhyāya 168: Arjuna’s counters to māyā-rains and the onset of darkness

Nivātakavaca engagement

द्वितीयश्षापि मे मासो जल॑ भक्षयतो गत: । निराहारस्तृतीये5थ मासे पाण्डवनन्दन

dvitīyaś cāpi me māso jala-bhakṣayato gataḥ | nirāhāras tṛtīye 'tha māse pāṇḍava-nandana |

Arjuna said: “My second month also passed with me subsisting only on water. Then, O delight of the Pāṇḍavas, in the third month I remained entirely without food. Yet even under such austerity my strength did not wane—something that seemed truly astonishing.”

द्वितीयःsecond
द्वितीयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वितीय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
मेof me/my
मे:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
मासःmonth
मासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जलम्water
जलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भक्षयतःof (me) consuming/eating
भक्षयतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभक्ष्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
गतःgone/passed
गतः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
P
Pāṇḍava-nandana (epithet used in address)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights tapas (austerity) and steadfast self-control: disciplined restraint can sustain resolve and inner strength, and extraordinary endurance is portrayed as a fruit of determined practice.

Arjuna describes the progression of his austerities over months—first living on minimal sustenance (water), then complete fasting—emphasizing that despite the severity of the vow his strength did not diminish, underscoring the intensity and efficacy of his penance.