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Shloka 4

निवातकवचैः सह अर्जुनस्य रथयुद्धम्

Arjuna’s chariot engagement with the Nivātakavacas

(रवोन्मुखास्ते ददृशु: प्रीयमाणा: कुरूद्गवहा: । मरुद्धिरन्वितं शक्रमापतन्तं विहायसा ।।) ते समन्तादनुययुर्गन्धर्वाप्सरसां गणा: । विमानै: सूर्यसंकाशैदेंवराजमरिंदमम्‌,पाण्डवोंने प्रसन्नतापूर्वक उस ध्वनिकी ओर आँख उठाकर देखा, तो उन्हें देवराज इन्द्र दृष्टिगोचर हुए जो सम्पूर्ण मर्द्गण आदि देवताओंके साथ आकाशमार्गसे आ रहे थे। गन्धर्वों और अप्सराओंके समूह सूर्यके समान तेजस्वी विमानोंद्वारा शत्रुदमन देवराजको चारों ओरसे घेरकर उन्हींके पथका अनुसरण कर रहे थे

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

ravonmukhās te dadṛśuḥ prīyamāṇāḥ kurūdgvahāḥ |

marudbhir anvitaṃ śakram āpatantaṃ vihāyasā ||

te samantād anuyayuḥ gandharvāpsarasāṃ gaṇāḥ |

vimānaiḥ sūryasaṃkāśair devarājam ariṃdamam ||

Vaiśampāyana said: The foremost of the Kurus, delighted, lifted their eyes toward the sound and beheld Śakra (Indra) approaching through the sky, accompanied by the Maruts. All around him, companies of Gandharvas and Apsarases followed his path, surrounding the enemy-subduing king of the gods in radiant aerial chariots shining like the sun.

रवोन्मुखाःwith faces turned toward the sound
रवोन्मुखाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरव-उन्मुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ददृशुःsaw
ददृशुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPerfect, 3, Plural
प्रीयमाणाःrejoicing / being delighted
प्रीयमाणाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्री
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Present passive participle (शानच्/मान), Passive
कुरूद्गवहाःthe Kuru-descended bearers (i.e., the Pāṇḍavas)
कुरूद्गवहाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु-उद्गवह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मरुद्भिःwith the Maruts
मरुद्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अन्वितम्accompanied (by)
अन्वितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्वित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त), Passive
शक्रम्Śakra (Indra)
शक्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आपतन्तम्approaching / coming down
आपतन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ), Active
विहायसाthrough the sky
विहायसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविहायस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समन्तात्from all sides / all around
समन्तात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्तात्
अनुययुःfollowed
अनुययुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootया (अनु-या)
FormPerfect, 3, Plural
गन्धर्वाप्सरसाम्of Gandharvas and Apsarases
गन्धर्वाप्सरसाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व-अप्सरस्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
गणाःgroups / troops
गणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विमानैःwith aerial chariots
विमानैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविमान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
सूर्यसंकाशैःsun-bright / like the sun
सूर्यसंकाशैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसूर्य-संकाश
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
देवराजम्the king of the gods
देवराजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव-राज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अरिंदमम्subduer of enemies
अरिंदमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअरि-दम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
Kuru-foremost (Pāṇḍavas implied)
Ś
Śakra (Indra)
M
Maruts
G
Gandharvas
A
Apsarases
V
Vimānas (celestial chariots)
S
Sky/heavenly path (vihāyas)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores that divine power and protection align with righteousness: Indra’s majestic arrival, attended by Maruts and celestial beings, signals cosmic endorsement and reassurance to the virtuous, reminding listeners that dharmic struggle is not isolated from the moral order of the universe.

Hearing a great sound, the Kuru heroes (the Pāṇḍavas) look up joyfully and see Indra approaching through the sky with the Maruts. Gandharvas and Apsarases surround and follow him in brilliant, sun-like aerial chariots, forming a grand celestial procession.