Shloka 12
Aṣṭāvakra–Kahoda Upākhyāna: Śvetaketu’s Āśrama, Sarasvatī, and the Origin of Aṣṭāvakra
सत्यपराक्रमी नरेश! जो धर्म दूसरे धर्मका बाधक हो वह धर्म नहीं, कुधर्म है। जो दूसरे किसी धर्मका विरोध न करके प्रतिष्ठित होता है वही वास्तविक धर्म है ।। विरोधिषु महीपाल निश्चित्य गुरुलाघवम् । न बाधा विद्यते यत्र तं धर्म समुपाचरेत्,परस्परविरुद्ध प्रतीत होनेवाले धर्मोमें गौरव-लाघवका विचार करके, जिसमें दूसरोंके लिये बाधा न हो उसी धर्मका आचरण करना चाहिये
satyaparākrami nareśa! yo dharmo 'nyadharmabādhakaḥ sa dharmo na, kudharmaḥ. yo 'nyasya kasyacid dharmasya virodhaṃ na kṛtvā pratiṣṭhito bhavati sa eva vāstava-dharmaḥ. virodhiṣu mahīpāla niścitya gurulāghavam | na bādhā vidyate yatra taṃ dharmaṃ samupācaret ||
O king of true valor, a rule of conduct that obstructs another legitimate duty is not truly dharma; it is misdirected conduct. That alone is genuine dharma which becomes established without opposing other rightful duties. Therefore, when duties appear to conflict, O ruler of the earth, one should weigh what is weightier and what is lighter, and practice that course in which no harm or obstruction is caused to others.
श्येन उवाच
Educational Q&A
When duties seem to clash, true dharma is the course that does not obstruct other rightful duties; one must judge the relative weight (guru–lāghava) of competing obligations and choose the action that avoids causing harm or hindrance.
The hawk (śyena), addressing a king, offers a principle for resolving apparent contradictions in dharma: not every claimed duty is valid—if it blocks another legitimate duty it becomes kudharma—so the king should deliberate and adopt the least obstructive, most weighty course.